Media Topic
type: ConceptScheme
pref scheme alias: medtop
authority: http://www.iptc.org
rights holder: IPTC, International Press Telecommunications Council - https://iptc.org
licence link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date released: 2026-07-02T12:00:00+00:00
definition: Indicates a subject of an item.
note: The Media Topic NewsCodes has been IPTC's primary subject taxonomy since 2010, with a focus on classification of text. The development started with our previous Subject Codes taxonomy and extended the tree to 5 levels and reused the same 17 top level terms. The terms below the top level have been revised and rearranged. Most Media Topic concepts provide a mapping back to one of the Subject Codes, and many provide a mapping to Wikidata.
has top concept: arts, culture, entertainment and media
has top concept: crime, law and justice
has top concept: disaster, accident and emergency incident
has top concept: economy, business and finance
has top concept: education
has top concept: environment
has top concept: health
has top concept: human interest
has top concept: labour
has top concept: lifestyle and leisure
has top concept: politics and government
has top concept: religion
has top concept: science and technology
has top concept: society
has top concept: sport
has top concept: conflict, war and peace
has top concept: weather

arts, culture, entertainment and media
type: Concept
definition: All forms of arts, entertainment, cultural heritage and media
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
narrower: arts and entertainment
narrower: culture
narrower: mass media

arts and entertainment
type: Concept
definition: All forms of arts and entertainment
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: arts, culture, entertainment and media
narrower: animation
narrower: cartoon
narrower: cinema
narrower: dance
narrower: fashion
narrower: literature
narrower: music
narrower: theatre
narrower: visual arts
narrower: series
narrower: festival
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/01000000

culture
type: Concept
definition: The ideas, customs, arts, traditions of a particular group of persons
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: arts, culture, entertainment and media
narrower: cultural development
narrower: customs and tradition
narrower: festive event (culture)
narrower: language
narrower: library and museum
narrower: monument and heritage site
narrower: art exhibition

mass media
type: Concept
definition: Media addressing a large audience
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: arts, culture, entertainment and media
narrower: news media
narrower: newspaper
narrower: online media outlet
narrower: periodical
narrower: radio
narrower: television
narrower: social media
narrower: disinformation and misinformation

crime, law and justice
type: Concept
definition: The establishment and/or statement of the rules of behaviour in society, the enforcement of these rules, breaches of the rules, the punishment of offenders and the organisations and bodies involved in these activities
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
narrower: crime
narrower: judiciary
narrower: justice
narrower: law
narrower: law enforcement

crime
type: Concept
definition: Violations of laws by individuals, companies or organisations
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: crime, law and justice
narrower: genocide
narrower: arson
narrower: assault
narrower: cyber crime
narrower: corporate crime
narrower: corruption
narrower: drug related crimes
narrower: fraud
narrower: hijacking
narrower: homicide
narrower: kidnapping
narrower: organised crime
narrower: terrorism
narrower: robbery and theft
narrower: war crime
narrower: reckless driving
narrower: human smuggling and trafficking
narrower: vandalism
narrower: shootings
narrower: animal abuse
narrower: torture

judiciary
type: Concept
definition: The system of courts of law
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: crime, law and justice
narrower: court
narrower: out of court procedures
narrower: prosecution and prosecutors

justice
type: Concept
definition: The equitable administration of laws and regulations
change note: Retired. Use a more specific term instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-10-02T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-10-02T12:00:00+00:00
broader: crime, law and justice

law
type: Concept
definition: The codification of rules of behaviour
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: crime, law and justice
narrower: civil law
narrower: criminal law
narrower: international law
narrower: administrative law

law enforcement
type: Concept
definition: Agencies that attempt to prevent disobedience to established laws or bring to justice those who disobey those laws
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: crime, law and justice
narrower: arrest
narrower: investigation (criminal)
narrower: police
narrower: surveillance

disaster, accident and emergency incident
type: Concept
definition: Man made or natural event resulting in loss of life or injury to living creatures and/or damage to inanimate objects or property
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
narrower: accident and emergency incident
narrower: disaster
narrower: emergency incident
narrower: emergency planning
narrower: emergency response

accident and emergency incident
type: Concept
definition: A sudden, unexpected event that causes unwanted consequences or requires immediate action
change note: Change Note 2015-08-27: Concept medtop:20000160 was merged into this one as their semantics were not sufficiently different
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: disaster, accident and emergency incident
narrower: explosion accident and incident
narrower: industrial accident and incident
narrower: transportation accident and incident
narrower: structural failure
narrower: drowning

disaster
type: Concept
definition: A sudden, unplanned event that causes great damage or loss of life, such as an accident or a natural catastrophe
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: disaster, accident and emergency incident
narrower: famine
narrower: fire
narrower: natural disaster

emergency incident
type: Concept
definition: A sudden, unexpected event that requires immediate action to prevent serious consequences
change note: Change Note 2015-08-27: This concept was merged into concept medtop:20000139 as their semantics were not sufficiently different
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-08-27T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: disaster, accident and emergency incident
narrower: transport incident

emergency planning
type: Concept
definition: Planning for actions to deal with sudden, unplanned events
change note: 2019-12-11: Retired. Use medtop:20000168 emergency response instead
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2019-12-11T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: disaster, accident and emergency incident

emergency response
type: Concept
definition: The planning and efforts made by people and organizations to help victims of a sudden, unplanned event, natural disaster or crisis
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: disaster, accident and emergency incident
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/03012000

economy, business and finance
type: Concept
definition: All matters concerning the planning, production and exchange of wealth.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
narrower: business information
narrower: products and services
narrower: economy
narrower: business enterprise
narrower: market and exchange

business information
type: Concept
definition: Information about individual business entities, including companies, corporations, charities
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economy, business and finance
narrower: business finance
narrower: business financing
narrower: human resources
narrower: business strategy and marketing
narrower: business governance
narrower: business reporting and performance
narrower: business restructuring

products and services
type: Concept
definition: Products and services consumed by companies and individuals and the companies that manufacture or manage them
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economy, business and finance
narrower: agriculture
narrower: commercial fishing
narrower: forestry and timber
narrower: chemicals
narrower: plastic
narrower: computing and information technology
narrower: construction and property
narrower: consumer goods
narrower: energy and resource
narrower: financial and business service
narrower: manufacturing and engineering
narrower: media and entertainment industry
narrower: metal and mineral mining and refining
narrower: process industry
narrower: tourism and leisure industry
narrower: transport
narrower: utilities
narrower: sales channel
narrower: healthcare industry
narrower: financial service
narrower: business service
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04000000

economy
type: Concept
definition: Production, consumption, distribution and trade activities affecting regions or countries as a whole
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economy, business and finance
narrower: economic trends and indicators
narrower: central bank
narrower: currency
narrower: economic organisation
narrower: emerging market
narrower: international economic institution
narrower: international trade
narrower: monetary policy
narrower: mutual funds
narrower: sharing economy

business enterprise
type: Concept
definition: Organisations set up to create and sell a product or service
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economy, business and finance
narrower: start-up and entrepreneurial business
narrower: small and medium enterprise
narrower: cooperative

market and exchange
type: Concept
definition: Market for buying and selling stocks, currencies, commodities and other goods
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economy, business and finance
narrower: commodities market
narrower: debt market
narrower: foreign exchange market
narrower: loan market

education
type: Concept
definition: All aspects of furthering knowledge, formally or informally
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
narrower: parents group
narrower: religious education
narrower: school
narrower: social learning
narrower: teaching and learning
narrower: curriculum
narrower: educational testing and examinations
narrower: entrance examination
narrower: students
narrower: teachers
narrower: vocational education
narrower: educational grading
narrower: online and remote learning

parents group
type: Concept
definition: Group of parents set up to support educational activities of their children
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: education

religious education
type: Concept
definition: Instruction by any faith about that faith's principles and beliefs, including Sunday school or preparation for a religious rite, such as a bar mitzvah
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: education

school
type: Concept
definition: A building or institution in which education is provided
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: education
narrower: primary education
narrower: further education
narrower: adult and continuing education
narrower: upper secondary education
narrower: college and university
narrower: lower secondary education
narrower: early childhood education
narrower: religious school
narrower: state school
narrower: private school
narrower: independent school

social learning
type: Concept
definition: The learning of social skills and behaviours through the imitation and observation of others. This can include formal and informal instruction around empathy, emotions and mental health.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-07-01T12:00:00+00:00
broader: education
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/05008000

teaching and learning
type: Concept
definition: Either end of the education equation
change note: Retired. Use more specific terms instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: education

curriculum
type: Concept
definition: The courses offered by a learning institution and the regulation of those courses
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: education

educational testing and examinations
type: Concept
definition: Polices and standards around the testing and assessment of students, including the merits of standardised testing, and testing methods
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: education
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/05010004

entrance examination
type: Concept
definition: Exams for entering colleges, universities and all other higher and lower education institutions
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: education

students
type: Concept
definition: Students as a demographic, including student protests and requests for change and trends among students
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: education

teachers
type: Concept
definition: Teachers as a demographic, including teacher unions, teacher education and training and the criteria for teachers in various locations
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: education

vocational education
type: Concept
definition: Education that provides students with practical experience and training in a particular occupational field. It is sometimes referred to as career education or technical education
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: education

educational grading
type: Concept
definition: The evaluation of a student's achievement on a test, assignment or course and the policies and methods around assigning those grades
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: education

online and remote learning
type: Concept
definition: Learning where a student and teacher are not physically present in the same location. Instruction can occur synchronously or asynchronously and utilizes technology such as video conferencing, online assessments and video conferencing.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: education

environment
type: Concept
definition: The protection, damage, and condition of the ecosystem of the planet Earth and its surroundings
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-10-09T12:00:00+00:00
narrower: climate change
narrower: conservation
narrower: environmental pollution
narrower: natural resource
narrower: nature
narrower: sustainability

climate change
type: Concept
definition: All issues relating to extreme changes in climate, including rising global temperature, debate on the causes and solutions of global warming, greenhouse gases and ways to reduce emissions
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-06-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: environment
narrower: global warming

conservation
type: Concept
definition: Preservation of the natural world, such as wilderness areas, flora and fauna
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-06-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: environment
narrower: energy saving
narrower: nature preserve

environmental pollution
type: Concept
definition: The contamination of natural resources by harmful substances
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-10-09T12:00:00+00:00
broader: environment
narrower: air pollution
narrower: environmental clean-up
narrower: hazardous material
narrower: waste material
narrower: water pollution

natural resource
type: Concept
definition: Assets afforded by nature without human intervention that can be used for various purposes, such as providing energy or industrial materials
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-06-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: environment
narrower: energy resources
narrower: land resources
narrower: population growth
narrower: renewable energy
narrower: water

nature
type: Concept
definition: The natural world
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-10-09T12:00:00+00:00
broader: environment
narrower: forest
narrower: mountain
narrower: ocean
narrower: river
narrower: wetland
narrower: ecosystem
narrower: endangered species
narrower: invasive species
narrower: animal
narrower: flowers and plants

sustainability
type: Concept
definition: Actions by organizations, governments, and individuals in response to environmental problems
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2023-10-02T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-10-09T12:00:00+00:00
broader: environment

health
type: Concept
definition: All aspects of physical and mental well-being
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
narrower: disease and condition
narrower: health facility
narrower: health organisation
narrower: health treatment and procedure
narrower: government health care
narrower: health insurance
narrower: private health care
narrower: medical profession
narrower: non-human diseases
narrower: public health

disease and condition
type: Concept
definition: Any health conditions affecting humans
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: health
narrower: cancer
narrower: communicable disease
narrower: heart disease
narrower: illness
narrower: injury
narrower: medical condition
narrower: mental health and disorder
narrower: poisoning
narrower: developmental disorder
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/07001000

health facility
type: Concept
definition: Facilities used for any kind of health care
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: health
narrower: hospital
narrower: healthcare clinic
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/07010000

health organisation
type: Concept
definition: Specific health organisations, including professional associations, non-profit and international groups
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: health

health treatment and procedure
type: Concept
definition: Remedies, therapies, interventions, medications, testing and treatments to prevent, diagnose, manage or improve a health condition
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: health
narrower: diet
narrower: non-prescription drug
narrower: prescription drug
narrower: medical test
narrower: health care approach
narrower: physical fitness
narrower: preventative medicine
narrower: vaccine
narrower: therapy
narrower: drug rehabilitation
narrower: emergency care
narrower: surgery

government health care
type: Concept
definition: Health care provided by governments at any level
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: health
narrower: Medicaid
narrower: Medicare

health insurance
type: Concept
definition: Insurance covering medical costs
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: health

private health care
type: Concept
definition: Health care provided by private organisations
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: health

medical profession
type: Concept
definition: Profession requiring formal training in the study, diagnosis, treatment, care and prevention of disease, medical condition or injury
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: health
narrower: medical service
narrower: medical specialisation
narrower: medical staff
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/07006000

non-human diseases
type: Concept
definition: Any harmful or destructive health condition affecting animals, plants or microorganisms.
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000494 animal disease or medtop:20000495 plant disease instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: health
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/07001000

public health
type: Concept
definition: Organised public or private measures designed to prevent disease, promote health and prolong life among the population as a whole
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: health

human interest
type: Concept
definition: Item that discusses individuals, groups, animals, plants or other objects in an emotional way
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
narrower: accomplishment
narrower: award and prize
narrower: record and achievement
narrower: ceremony
narrower: people
narrower: human mishap
narrower: high society
narrower: celebrity
narrower: anniversary
narrower: birthday

accomplishment
type: Concept
definition: Achievements by individuals or groups, animals, plants or other objects, such as winning a competitive contest etc
change note: 2021-05-05: Retired. Use award and prize (20000498) or record and achievement (20000499) instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: human interest

award and prize
type: Concept
definition: The recognition of an achievement in a field in the form of a symbolic item, such as a plaque or trophy or in the form of a monetary gift, such as a cash prize or grant, given by a government or private institution
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: human interest

record and achievement
type: Concept
definition: Non-sport achievement by an individual or group that sets a new record, such as most books read or holding one's breath the longest
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: human interest

ceremony
type: Concept
definition: Rituals, such as dedications, wreath laying or celebrating the launching of a ship
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: human interest
narrower: name ceremony
narrower: graduation
narrower: funeral and memorial service
narrower: wedding

people
type: Concept
definition: Individuals or groups with a focus on emotional facets
change note: 2021-05-05: Retired. Use more specific terms instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: human interest

human mishap
type: Concept
definition: Silly or stupid human errors
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: human interest

high society
type: Concept
definition: Life and behaviour of the rich and socialites
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: human interest
narrower: royalty

celebrity
type: Concept
definition: Life and behaviour of famous people
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: human interest

anniversary
type: Concept
definition: The celebration or commemoration of a significant amount of years since an event or a notable person's birth or death
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-06-26T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: human interest

birthday
type: Concept
definition: A celebration on the anniversary of a person's birth.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-06-26T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: human interest

labour
type: Concept
definition: Social aspects, organisations, rules and conditions affecting the employment of human effort for the generation of wealth or provision of services and the economic support of the unemployed.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
narrower: employment
narrower: employment legislation
narrower: labour market
narrower: labour relations
narrower: retirement
narrower: unemployment
narrower: unions

employment
type: Concept
definition: The state of having work, usually paid, for a company, organisation, or individual
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: labour
narrower: commuting
narrower: apprenticeship
narrower: child labour
narrower: employee
narrower: employer
narrower: employment training
narrower: occupations
narrower: wages and benefits
narrower: self-employment
narrower: parental leave
narrower: volunteering

employment legislation
type: Concept
definition: Laws governing employment
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: labour
narrower: workplace health and safety
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/09005000

labour market
type: Concept
definition: The supply and demand of labour in an economy
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: labour
narrower: gig economy

labour relations
type: Concept
definition: The relationship between workers and employers
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: labour
narrower: collective agreements
narrower: labour dispute
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/09012000

retirement
type: Concept
definition: The years after work
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: labour
narrower: pension

unemployment
type: Concept
definition: The state of being available to work but not having a job
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: labour
narrower: job layoffs
narrower: unemployment benefits

unions
type: Concept
definition: Groups established to represent bodies of workers in order to obtain better workplace conditions through collective bargaining
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: labour

lifestyle and leisure
type: Concept
definition: Activities undertaken for pleasure, relaxation or recreation outside paid employment, including eating and travel.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
narrower: leisure
narrower: lifestyle
narrower: wellness

leisure
type: Concept
definition: Activities carried out in ones' spare time and not in a competitive way.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: lifestyle and leisure
narrower: club and association
narrower: game
narrower: gaming and lottery
narrower: hobby
narrower: holiday
narrower: leisure venue
narrower: outdoor recreational activities
narrower: travel and tourism
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/10010000

lifestyle
type: Concept
definition: The way in which a person lives, including their style and possessions
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: lifestyle and leisure
narrower: organic food
narrower: house and home
narrower: trend
narrower: party
narrower: vegetarianism and veganism
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/10000000

wellness
type: Concept
definition: The active pursuit of good mental and physical health
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: lifestyle and leisure
narrower: exercise and fitness
narrower: mental wellbeing

politics and government
type: Concept
definition: Local, regional, national and international exercise of power, the day-to-day running of government, and the relationships between governing bodies and states.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
narrower: election
narrower: government
narrower: government policy
narrower: international relations
narrower: non-governmental organisation (NGO)
narrower: political crisis
narrower: political prisoners and dissenters
narrower: political process

election
type: Concept
definition: The selection of government representatives by the casting of votes by the populace
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-09-26T12:00:00+00:00
broader: politics and government
narrower: citizens' initiative and recall
narrower: voting system
narrower: intergovernmental elections
narrower: local elections
narrower: national elections
narrower: political campaigns
narrower: campaign finance
narrower: political candidates
narrower: primary elections
narrower: referendum
narrower: regional elections
narrower: voting
narrower: church elections
narrower: political debates
narrower: by-election
narrower: recall election
narrower: coalition building

government
type: Concept
definition: The systems, institutions and people who run a political entity
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: politics and government
narrower: civil and public service
narrower: government employee
narrower: public officials
narrower: constitution (law)
narrower: national security
narrower: executive (government)
narrower: government budget
narrower: government department
narrower: head of state
narrower: impeachment
narrower: local authority
narrower: minister or secretary (government)
narrower: national government
narrower: legislative body
narrower: regional authority
narrower: lobbying
narrower: political parties and movements
narrower: political development
narrower: political system
narrower: regulatory authority
narrower: political party convention
narrower: political committee
narrower: head of government
narrower: public inquiry
narrower: political leadership
narrower: political party
narrower: political movement and association

government policy
type: Concept
definition: An overall plan or course of action set out by a government intended to influence and guide decisions
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: politics and government
narrower: economic policy
narrower: environmental policy
narrower: healthcare policy
narrower: safety of citizens
narrower: taxation policy
narrower: interior policy
narrower: data protection policy
narrower: housing and urban planning policy
narrower: policy towards indigenous people
narrower: pension and welfare policy
narrower: personal data collection policy
narrower: personal weapon control policy
narrower: planning inquiries
narrower: immigration policy
narrower: nuclear policy
narrower: regulation of industry
narrower: cultural policy
narrower: integration policy
narrower: sports policies
narrower: regional development policy
narrower: infrastructure policy
narrower: local government policy
narrower: education policy
narrower: zoning policy
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11006000

international relations
type: Concept
definition: Relations between nations through negotiation, treaty, or diplomacy
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: politics and government
narrower: diplomacy
narrower: economic sanction
narrower: foreign aid
narrower: international organisation
narrower: refugees and internally displaced people
narrower: border dispute

non-governmental organisation (NGO)
type: Concept
definition: Groups officially outside of government that lobby, demonstrate or campaign on a wide range of issues such as economics, the environment and healthcare
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: politics and government

political crisis
type: Concept
definition: Conflict that rises to a level where, depending on events, governments can fall etc
change note: Retired. Use more specific terms instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: politics and government
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16011000

political prisoners and dissenters
type: Concept
definition: Individuals who put themselves at risk by expressing their political views and the imprisonment of individuals who speak out against a political authority
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: politics and government

political process
type: Concept
definition: The art or science of participating in the affairs of government, a state of political party
change note: Retired. Use government (medtop:20000593) or other more specific terms instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: politics and government

religion
type: Concept
definition: Belief systems, institutions and people who provide moral guidance to followers
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
narrower: belief systems
narrower: interreligious dialogue
narrower: religious conflict
narrower: religious event
narrower: religious festival and holiday
narrower: religious ritual
narrower: religious facility
narrower: relations between religion and government
narrower: religious leader
narrower: religious text

belief systems
type: Concept
definition: A set of beliefs prescribed by an institution or text often focusing on the worship of a higher power and the outlining of moral guidelines
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: religion
narrower: Buddhism
narrower: Christianity
narrower: Confucianism
narrower: cult
narrower: Freemasonry
narrower: Hinduism
narrower: Islam
narrower: Jainism
narrower: Judaism
narrower: nature religion
narrower: Zoroastrianism
narrower: Scientology
narrower: Shintoism
narrower: Sikhism
narrower: Taoism
narrower: Unificationism
narrower: atheism and agnosticism

interreligious dialogue
type: Concept
definition: Any form of communication between religions
change note: Retired in December 2021. Use religion (medtop:12000000) instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: religion

religious conflict
type: Concept
definition: Conflicts involving religious differences
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: religion

religious event
type: Concept
definition: News regarding a religious event but not a festival or holiday
change note: Retired in December 2021. Use religion (medtop:12000000) instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: religion

religious festival and holiday
type: Concept
definition: Holy day or period of observance in a religion which is sometimes a public holiday
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: religion
narrower: Christmas
narrower: Easter
narrower: Pentecost
narrower: Ramadan
narrower: Yom Kippur
narrower: All Saints Day
narrower: Walpurgis night
narrower: Eid al-Adha
narrower: Hanukkah

religious ritual
type: Concept
definition: Established religious rituals such as mass, baptism, prayer meetings and bar and bat mitzvah
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: religion
narrower: baptism
narrower: bar and bat mitzvah
narrower: canonisation

religious facility
type: Concept
definition: Any facility where a group carries out its religious rites
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: religion
narrower: church
narrower: mosque
narrower: synagogue
narrower: temple
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/12000000

relations between religion and government
type: Concept
definition: Matters arising from the relationship between religions and a government, including the question of whether churches should pay taxes, the push to keep religion out of publicly funded institutions and the freedom, or lack of to wear religious symbols in a school setting
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-07-01T12:00:00+00:00
broader: religion

religious leader
type: Concept
definition: Person or persons who have a ritual, juridical or otherwise leading role in their respective church or religion
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: religion
narrower: pope

religious text
type: Concept
definition: Texts regarded as holy or important by a religion
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: religion
narrower: Bible
narrower: Qur'an
narrower: Torah

science and technology
type: Concept
definition: All aspects pertaining to human understanding of, as well as methodical study and research of natural, formal and social sciences, such as astronomy, linguistics or economics
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
narrower: biomedical science
narrower: mathematics
narrower: natural science
narrower: scientific research
narrower: scientific institution
narrower: social sciences
narrower: scientific standards
narrower: technology and engineering

biomedical science
type: Concept
definition: The application of biology-based science to medical fields such as research, health monitoring or medical treatment
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: science and technology
narrower: biotechnology
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/13019000

mathematics
type: Concept
definition: The study of structure, space, change and number in abstract, often using symbolic logic and language, and including subjects such as geometry, algebra or trigonometry
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: science and technology

natural science
type: Concept
definition: The sciences that deal with matter, energy and the physical world, including physics, biology, chemistry and astronomy
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: science and technology
narrower: astronomy
narrower: biology
narrower: chemistry
narrower: cosmology
narrower: geology
narrower: horticulture
narrower: marine science
narrower: meteorology
narrower: physics

scientific research
type: Concept
definition: The scientific and methodical investigation of events, procedures and interactions to explain why they occur, or to find solutions for problems
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: science and technology
narrower: scientific innovation
narrower: medical research
narrower: scientific exploration
narrower: scientific publication

scientific institution
type: Concept
definition: Institution that carries out or governs scientific work, such as the National Academy of Arts and Sciences
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: science and technology

social sciences
type: Concept
definition: The study of human society in such aspects as linguistics, anthropology, economics or sociology
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: science and technology
narrower: anthropology
narrower: archaeology
narrower: economics
narrower: geography
narrower: history
narrower: information science
narrower: study of law
narrower: linguistics
narrower: philosophy
narrower: political science
narrower: psychology
narrower: sociology

scientific standards
type: Concept
definition: Nationally or internationally established rules governing scientific and technological study and development, such as calibration standards for scientific tools or equipment
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: science and technology

technology and engineering
type: Concept
definition: The study and practice of industrial or applied sciences such as physics, hydrodynamics or thermodynamics
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: science and technology
narrower: mechanical engineering
narrower: aerospace engineering
narrower: agricultural technology
narrower: civil engineering
narrower: electronic engineering
narrower: identification technology
narrower: information technology and computer science
narrower: materials science
narrower: micro science
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/13000000

society
type: Concept
definition: The concerns, issues, affairs and institutions relevant to human social interactions, problems and welfare, such as poverty, human rights and family planning
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
narrower: fundamental rights
narrower: communities
narrower: demographics
narrower: immigration
narrower: emigration
narrower: discrimination
narrower: family
narrower: demographic group
narrower: social condition
narrower: social problem
narrower: values
narrower: welfare
narrower: diversity, equity and inclusion

fundamental rights
type: Concept
definition: The political, social, cultural and economic rights to which all people are entitled, usually upheld by law
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-09-26T12:00:00+00:00
broader: society
narrower: civil rights
narrower: censorship and freedom of speech
narrower: freedom of religion
narrower: freedom of the press
narrower: human rights
narrower: privacy
narrower: women's rights
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02007000

communities
type: Concept
definition: A group of individuals actively sharing a common value or interest
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: society
narrower: social networking
narrower: fraternal and community group
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14024000

demographics
type: Concept
definition: The study of human populations and their characteristics, for example statistics or trends around aging populations in a particular geographic region
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: society
narrower: population and census

immigration
type: Concept
definition: The movement of individuals or groups of people from one country to another
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: society
narrower: illegal immigration

emigration
type: Concept
definition: Leaving one's country of residence to settle permanently elsewhere
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: society

discrimination
type: Concept
definition: Unfair treatment of, or policies or practices against, individuals or groups of people on the basis of real or perceived membership in a group, such as race, sexual orientation, political or religious beliefs, age or height
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: society
narrower: ageism
narrower: racism
narrower: religious discrimination
narrower: sexism

family
type: Concept
definition: A group of people related genetically or by a legal bond, or who consider themselves part of a familial unit regardless of genetic or legal status
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: society
narrower: adoption
narrower: Dating and Relationships
narrower: divorce
narrower: family planning
narrower: marriage
narrower: parenting
narrower: pregnancy and childbirth

demographic group
type: Concept
definition: A subset of society with shared traits
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-06-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: society
narrower: adults
narrower: children
narrower: disabilities
narrower: LGBTQ
narrower: gender
narrower: infants
narrower: national or ethnic minority
narrower: nuclear radiation victims
narrower: senior citizens
narrower: teenagers
narrower: indigenous people
narrower: women
narrower: men

social condition
type: Concept
definition: The circumstances or state of affairs affecting a person's life, welfare and relations with others in a society
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: society
narrower: homelessness
narrower: poverty

social problem
type: Concept
definition: Issues related to human rights, human welfare and other areas of societal concern
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: society
narrower: abusive behaviour
narrower: addiction
narrower: juvenile delinquency
narrower: prostitution
narrower: slavery
narrower: sexual misconduct
narrower: bullying
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14025002

values
type: Concept
definition: A person's or group's principles or standards of behaviour, which guide their way of living and choices made
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: society
narrower: corrupt practices
narrower: death and dying
narrower: ethics
narrower: pornography
narrower: sexual behaviour

welfare
type: Concept
definition: Help for those in need of food, housing, health and other services
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: society
narrower: charity
narrower: long-term care
narrower: social services
narrower: elderly care
narrower: public housing
narrower: child care

diversity, equity and inclusion
type: Concept
definition: Efforts that seeks to promote the fair treatment and full participation of groups of people who have historically been underrepresented or subject to discrimination on the basis of identity or disability
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: society

sport
type: Concept
definition: Competitive activity or skill that involves physical and/or mental effort and organisations and bodies involved in these activities
change note: Changes: 2018-04-19 definition changed to make it fit better for chess and eSports.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
narrower: competition discipline
narrower: disciplinary action in sport
narrower: drug use in sport
narrower: sport event
narrower: sport industry
narrower: sport organisation
narrower: sport venue
narrower: sports transaction
narrower: sport achievement
narrower: sports coaching
narrower: sports management and ownership
narrower: sports officiating

competition discipline
type: Concept
definition: Different types of sport which can be executed in competitions
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport
narrower: American football
narrower: archery
narrower: athletics
narrower: Australian rules football
narrower: badminton
narrower: bandy
narrower: baseball
narrower: basketball
narrower: biathlon
narrower: billiards
narrower: bobsleigh
narrower: boules
narrower: boxing
narrower: bullfighting
narrower: Canadian football
narrower: canoeing
narrower: casting (fishing)
narrower: mountain climbing
narrower: sport climbing
narrower: cricket
narrower: croquet
narrower: curling
narrower: cycling
narrower: competitive dancing
narrower: darts
narrower: diving
narrower: underwater sports
narrower: dog racing
narrower: duathlon
narrower: equestrian
narrower: fencing
narrower: field hockey
narrower: figure skating
narrower: fist ball
narrower: floorball
narrower: flying disc
narrower: Gaelic football
narrower: golf
narrower: gymnastics
narrower: handball (team)
narrower: hornuss
narrower: horse racing
narrower: hurling
narrower: ice hockey
narrower: inline skating
narrower: Jai Alai (Pelota)
narrower: kabaddi
narrower: kayaking
narrower: lacrosse
narrower: luge
narrower: marathon
narrower: modern pentathlon
narrower: motorboat racing
narrower: motor car racing
narrower: motorcycling
narrower: netball
narrower: orienteering
narrower: parachuting
narrower: polo
narrower: pool
narrower: power boating
narrower: rodeo
narrower: rowing
narrower: sailing
narrower: sepak takraw
narrower: shinty
narrower: sport shooting
narrower: skeleton
narrower: skiing
narrower: sky diving
narrower: snooker
narrower: snowboarding
narrower: football

disciplinary action in sport
type: Concept
definition: Actions, including fines and suspensions levied by sports organisations and teams
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport

drug use in sport
type: Concept
definition: Drug use associated with sport activities, including doping, abuse, testing and permitted medical uses
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-09-23T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport
narrower: drug abuse in sport
narrower: drug testing in sport
narrower: medical drug use in sport
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15000000

sport event
type: Concept
definition: An event featuring one or more sport competitions
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport
narrower: continental championship
narrower: continental cup
narrower: continental games
narrower: international championship
narrower: international cup
narrower: international games
narrower: national championship
narrower: national cup
narrower: national games
narrower: regional championship
narrower: regional cup
narrower: regional games
narrower: world championship
narrower: world cup
narrower: world games
narrower: Olympic Games
narrower: Paralympic Games
narrower: regular competition
narrower: playoff championship
narrower: final game

sport industry
type: Concept
definition: Commercial issues related to sport
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15000000

sport organisation
type: Concept
definition: Organisations or associations that govern sports
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-10-02T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport

sport venue
type: Concept
definition: Gymnasiums, stadiums, arenas or facilities where sports events take place
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15000000

sports transaction
type: Concept
definition: The transfer of an athlete from one team to another, the hiring or drafting of an athlete onto a team or the change in professional status of a player on a team
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2012-10-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport

sport achievement
type: Concept
definition: Records or honours earned by athletes for their performance
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport
narrower: sports record
narrower: sports medal and trophy
narrower: sports honour

sports coaching
type: Concept
definition: The staff responsible for the training and on-field management of a sports team
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport

sports management and ownership
type: Concept
definition: The executive leadership and owners of a sports team
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport

sports officiating
type: Concept
definition: Referees, umpires and other staff who enforce the rules of a sport from on the field of play
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport

conflict, war and peace
type: Concept
definition: Acts of socially or politically motivated protest or violence, military activities, geopolitical conflicts, as well as resolution efforts
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
narrower: act of terror
narrower: armed conflict
narrower: civil unrest
narrower: coup d'etat
narrower: massacre
narrower: peace process
narrower: post-war reconstruction
narrower: cyber warfare
narrower: war victims
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000

act of terror
type: Concept
definition: Act of violence, often resulting in casualties, designed to raise fear and anxiety in a population
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: conflict, war and peace
narrower: act of bioterrorism
narrower: terrorist bombings

armed conflict
type: Concept
definition: Disputes between opposing groups involving the use of weapons, but not necessarily formally declared wars
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: conflict, war and peace
narrower: guerrilla activity
narrower: international military intervention
narrower: military occupation
narrower: war

civil unrest
type: Concept
definition: Rallies, strikes, demonstrations, riots or other disturbances by a population, often in protest to a government or other organization's policies or actions
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: conflict, war and peace
narrower: protests and demonstrations
narrower: rebellion
narrower: revolution
narrower: riot

coup d'etat
type: Concept
definition: The overthrow of an established government by an organised military or political group
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: conflict, war and peace

massacre
type: Concept
definition: The mass killing of people, usually civilians, during wartime hostilities
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: conflict, war and peace

peace process
type: Concept
definition: Organized actions to end a war or conflict, usually involving peace negotiations and agreements
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: conflict, war and peace
narrower: peacekeeping force
narrower: peace envoy
narrower: peace plan
narrower: peace talks
narrower: disarmament
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11002003

post-war reconstruction
type: Concept
definition: Actions to rebuild a society, economy or political system in an area affected by war
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: conflict, war and peace
narrower: ordnance clearance
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11002000

cyber warfare
type: Concept
definition: Cyber attacks, or suspected attacks, involving a government entity as either the sponsor or the target, or preventive measures against these types of actions
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2022-09-23T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-09-23T12:00:00+00:00
broader: conflict, war and peace

war victims
type: Concept
definition: Individuals who are injured or killed in a war or armed conflict, including civilians
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: conflict, war and peace
narrower: missing in action
narrower: prisoners of war

weather
type: Concept
definition: The study, prediction and reporting of meteorological phenomena
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
narrower: weather forecast
narrower: weather phenomena
narrower: weather statistic
narrower: weather warning

weather forecast
type: Concept
definition: The long- or short-term meteorological prediction and reporting of the upcoming weather for a given region
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: weather

weather phenomena
type: Concept
definition: Short- or long-term meteorological phenomena worthy of study, reporting or public advisory such as climate change, storms, heat waves or tornadoes
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: weather
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/17003001

weather statistic
type: Concept
definition: Numerical facts about the weather such as temperature, barometric pressure, river levels, humidity or high and low tides
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: weather

weather warning
type: Concept
definition: Alerts issued to the public about severe or notable weather in their area
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: weather

animation
type: Concept
definition: Stories told through animated drawings in either full-length or short format
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-03-15T12:00:00+00:00
broader: arts and entertainment

cartoon
type: Concept
definition: Drawings, such as editorial cartoons and comic strips, often using humour or satire
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: arts and entertainment

cinema
type: Concept
definition: Stories told through motion pictures, such as full-length or short format documentary or fictional features
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: arts and entertainment

dance
type: Concept
definition: A form of performing art consisting of purposefully selected sequences of human movement
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: arts and entertainment
narrower: ballet
narrower: modern dance
narrower: traditional dance

fashion
type: Concept
definition: Styles and trends in clothing, footwear, accessories, including the design, presentation and wearing of these styles and trends
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: arts and entertainment
narrower: jewellery
narrower: cosmetics
narrower: hairstyles

literature
type: Concept
definition: The telling of a story through written language
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: arts and entertainment
narrower: drama (literature)
narrower: fiction
narrower: non-fiction
narrower: poetry

music
type: Concept
definition: A form of performing art using instruments or voice to create different sounds, tones and harmonies
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: arts and entertainment
narrower: musical instrument
narrower: musical performance
narrower: musical genre

theatre
type: Concept
definition: A form of performing art where live performers portray a narrative to an audience through dialogue and action
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: arts and entertainment
narrower: opera
narrower: music theatre
narrower: musical
narrower: operetta
narrower: drama (theatre)
narrower: stand-up comedy
narrower: cabaret

visual arts
type: Concept
definition: A form of art which appeals primarily to the visual senses, such as ceramics, drawing, painting, sculpture, printmaking, design, crafts, photography, video, filmmaking, and architecture.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: arts and entertainment
narrower: architecture
narrower: design (visual arts)
narrower: drawing
narrower: painting
narrower: photography
narrower: sculpture
narrower: textile arts
narrower: woodworking
narrower: forging
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/01000000

series
type: Concept
definition: A connected set of fictional or non-fictional program episodes that run under the same title.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2017-11-16T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: arts and entertainment

festival
type: Concept
definition: Events showcasing artistic endeavours, often regularly occurring, such as dance, music, theatre, poetry or comedy festivals
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2018-04-09T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: arts and entertainment
narrower: film festival

film festival
type: Concept
definition: All forms of national and international film festivals
change note: Changes: 2018-04-09 other Broader Term
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: festival

ballet
type: Concept
definition: A classical dance form based on formal gestures, steps and postures
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: dance
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/01006000

modern dance
type: Concept
definition: A theatrical dance style based on free-style expression rather than formal gestures
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: dance
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/01006000

traditional dance
type: Concept
definition: Dance style that reflects the life and culture of a specific group of people or region, such as folk and ceremonial dance
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: dance
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/01006000

jewellery
type: Concept
definition: Decorative items worn for personal expression and adornment, such as rings, necklaces, earrings
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: fashion

cosmetics
type: Concept
definition: Products applied to the body to enhance appearance, such as lipstick, eyeliner, foundation and nail polish, and the trends surrounding the application of these products
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-07-30T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: fashion

hairstyles
type: Concept
definition: Trends surrounding the cutting and styling of hair
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-07-30T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: fashion

drama (literature)
type: Concept
definition: Work written to be performed on the stage
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: literature
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/01010000

fiction
type: Concept
definition: Written works that are not based on fact, but are the creation of the author's imagination
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: literature

non-fiction
type: Concept
definition: Written works that are based on fact
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: literature
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/01010000

poetry
type: Concept
definition: Written works that use the aesthetic and rhythmic qualities of language to express a message or emotion
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: literature

musical instrument
type: Concept
definition: Objects used to play music on
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: music
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/01011000

musical performance
type: Concept
definition: Musicians performing for an audience for the purpose of entertainment
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: music
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/01011000

musical genre
type: Concept
definition: A distinguishable type of music
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: music
narrower: classical music
narrower: country music
narrower: folk music
narrower: jazz music
narrower: popular music
narrower: rock and roll music
narrower: hip hop
narrower: r&b
narrower: heavy metal
narrower: dance band music
narrower: electronic dance music
narrower: children's music
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/01011000

classical music
type: Concept
definition: A genre of music rooted in the traditions of Western music, including both religious and secular music, such as symphony, concerto and sonata.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: musical genre

country music
type: Concept
definition: A genre of music that originated in the southern United States, often consisting of ballads or dance tunes and featuring string instruments such as banjos, fiddles and guitars
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: musical genre

folk music
type: Concept
definition: A genre of music that developed from traditional popular cultures, often based on story telling
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: musical genre

jazz music
type: Concept
definition: A genre of music with roots in blues and ragtime that originated in African American communities of New Orleans in the United States in the late 19th and early 20th centuries
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: musical genre

popular music
type: Concept
definition: A genre of music that is widely accessible and designed to appeal to all
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: musical genre

rock and roll music
type: Concept
definition: A genre of music that originated in the United States during the late 1940s and early 1950s, evolving from African American musical styles such as gospel, jump blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and rhythm and blues.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: musical genre

hip hop
type: Concept
definition: A genre of music developed in African American communities in the United States in the 1970s which consists of rapping usually with an electronic backing
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: musical genre

r&b
type: Concept
definition: A genre of music originated in African American communities in the 1940s and featuring soulful vocals
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: musical genre

heavy metal
type: Concept
definition: A genre of loud, aggressive rock music that was developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: musical genre

dance band music
type: Concept
definition: A Swedish genre of music characterized by music inspired by swing, schlager, country, jazz and rock that is often danced to in pairs
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: musical genre

electronic dance music
type: Concept
definition: A genre of music that employs electronic instruments and is primarily made for nightclubs, raves, and festivals
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: musical genre

children's music
type: Concept
definition: A genre of music featuring songs composed and performed for children
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: musical genre

opera
type: Concept
definition: A form of performing art where classically trained musicians and singers perform a musical and dramatic work
change note: Changes: 2018-04-09 other Broader Term
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: theatre
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/01017001

music theatre
type: Concept
definition: A form of performing art where live performers portray a narrative to an audience through song, dialogue and action, such as musicals and operettas
change note: Retired on 2021-09-30. Child terms moved up to be children of medtop:20000029 theatre.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: theatre

musical
type: Concept
definition: A genre of music theatre in which singing and dancing play an essential part of the storytelling
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2012-10-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: theatre

operetta
type: Concept
definition: A genre of music theatre that usually has a light or humorous theme where some of the libretto is usually spoken rather than sung.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2012-10-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: theatre

drama (theatre)
type: Concept
definition: A genre of theatre where dramatic or comedic plays are performed on the stage
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2018-04-09T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: theatre

stand-up comedy
type: Concept
definition: A comic style in which a comedian performs a series of jokes or stories in front of a live audience, usually speaking directly to them
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: theatre

cabaret
type: Concept
definition: A form of theatrical entertainment featuring music, song, dance, recitation, or drama that is performed in a nightclub or restaurant while the audience eats or drinks at tables
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: theatre

architecture
type: Concept
definition: The design of buildings, monuments and the spaces around them
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: visual arts

design (visual arts)
type: Concept
definition: An artistic discipline which focuses on visual communication and presentation, the final product of which can range from jewellery to interior design
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: visual arts
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/01000000

drawing
type: Concept
definition: A form of visual arts using mediums such as pencils, markers, pen and ink, charcoal
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: visual arts
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/01000000

painting
type: Concept
definition: A form of visual arts using mediums such as oil paint, watercolour, pastel, crayon
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: visual arts

photography
type: Concept
definition: A form of visual arts using photographic images
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: visual arts

sculpture
type: Concept
definition: A form of visual arts using mediums such as clay, stone, wood and metal to create three-dimensional works
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: visual arts

textile arts
type: Concept
definition: Arts and crafts that use plant, animal, or synthetic fibres to construct practical or decorative object
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: visual arts

woodworking
type: Concept
definition: The activity or skill of making items, such as furniture or cabinets, from wood
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: visual arts

forging
type: Concept
definition: The shaping of metal using localized compressive forces, such as heating and hammering
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: visual arts

cultural development
type: Concept
definition: The history of the development of art and culture such as the rise of cave paintings, linguistic variations over time, the evolution of values
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: culture

customs and tradition
type: Concept
definition: A particular way of behaving, or observances that have developed over time by a group of people
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: culture

festive event (culture)
type: Concept
definition: An event ordinarily celebrated by a community and centring on some characteristic aspect of that community and its religion or traditions
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: culture

language
type: Concept
definition: The method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of words that are used in a structured and conventional way
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: culture

library and museum
type: Concept
definition: Institutions that house collections of books, music, art, or objects from the past and present optionally for public use and display
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: culture

monument and heritage site
type: Concept
definition: Commemorations of historical people, events, or the areas containing them, in the form of structures such as sculptures, statues or buildings
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: culture
narrower: restoration

art exhibition
type: Concept
definition: Temporary presentation of art in museums, art halls or galleries
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2012-10-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: culture

restoration
type: Concept
definition: Restoring historic or important properties or structures to a former better state by cleaning, repairing or rebuilding
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: monument and heritage site

news media
type: Concept
definition: The presentation of news to the public through different platforms, such as TV, radio, newspapers, magazines, web pages and blogs
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: mass media

newspaper
type: Concept
definition: Daily or weekly publication that presents the news, locally, regionally or globally, as well as features, opinion columns, comics and other content
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: mass media

online media outlet
type: Concept
definition: Publication distributing content, such as articles, blogs, photos, video and music, only over the internet
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: mass media
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/01026000

periodical
type: Concept
definition: Publication that is usually published weekly, bi-weekly, monthly or annually, such as magazines, journals or newsletters
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: mass media

radio
type: Concept
definition: Audio content, such as news, entertainment or information, distributed via broadcast or internet
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: mass media

television
type: Concept
definition: Video content, such as news, entertainment or information, distributed via broadcast or internet
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: mass media

social media
type: Concept
definition: Content created to be shared within online social networks
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2018-04-09T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: mass media
narrower: influencers

disinformation and misinformation
type: Concept
definition: The spread of false information regardless of intent
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: mass media

act of bioterrorism
type: Concept
definition: Attacks using biological agents intended to raise the level of fear within a population
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: act of terror

terrorist bombings
type: Concept
definition: Intentional use of explosive devices on people, buildings or other structures
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: act of terror

guerrilla activity
type: Concept
definition: Anti-government or wartime actions by clandestine or non-state combatant groups, often using tactics such as ambush, sabotage, raids and kidnapping
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: armed conflict

international military intervention
type: Concept
definition: The temporary use of international forces in a country or region that requires outside help with resolving a crisis
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: armed conflict

military occupation
type: Concept
definition: The temporary forceful taking over of a country or region by invading military forces
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: armed conflict
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000

war
type: Concept
definition: Armed hostilities by one group or geopolitical entity against another
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: armed conflict
narrower: civil war
narrower: war crime action

peacekeeping force
type: Concept
definition: The military forces of a nation, or of several nations working together, whose mission is to maintain peace in areas of conflict
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: peace process

missing in action
type: Concept
definition: Civilians or military personnel who have gone missing during or after hostilities, conflicts or war
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-07-01T12:00:00+00:00
broader: war victims

civil war
type: Concept
definition: Armed conflict between members of the same country, in some cases with the goal of dividing the country
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: war

war crime action
type: Concept
definition: Actions alleged as crimes committed during a war or armed conflict, usually against civilians or POWs
change note: 2016-04-05: As two concepts with very similar definitions exist this concept (medtop:20000064) was retired and it is recommended to use war crime (medtop:20000105)
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2016-04-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: war

protests and demonstrations
type: Concept
definition: A non-violent public show of support for or opposition to a cause, idea or policy, in the form of a mass meeting or march
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2026-07-02T12:00:00+00:00
broader: civil unrest

rebellion
type: Concept
definition: Organized actions of opposition to a government or ruling party by a country's residents, often violent and with the aim of overthrowing the government
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: civil unrest

revolution
type: Concept
definition: A forcible and often violent change to, or overthrow of, a country's political system or social order by internal forces, in favour of a new system
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: civil unrest

riot
type: Concept
definition: Violent, destructive events of civil disorder by groups of people, usually in response to a grievance or as acts of opposition, often involving injury to individuals and destruction of property
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: civil unrest

genocide
type: Concept
definition: The systematic killing of one clan, tribe, or religious or ethnic group by another
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: crime

peace envoy
type: Concept
definition: Person or organisation initiating and carrying out a peace process
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: peace process
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11002003

peace plan
type: Concept
definition: A strategy for achieving peace in a warring nation or area of conflict
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: peace process
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11002003

peace talks
type: Concept
definition: Discussions between countries, world regions or geopolitical entities in conflict or at war, often with a mediator, with the goal of arriving at a solution for peace
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: peace process
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11002003

disarmament
type: Concept
definition: The abolishment or reduction of a country's military weapons cache
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: peace process
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11002000

ordnance clearance
type: Concept
definition: The removal or neutralisation of ordnance such as landmines or cluster bombs that may remain after a war or armed conflict on public ground
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: post-war reconstruction

prisoners of war
type: Concept
definition: Individuals captured, imprisoned or detained by enemy factions during military conflicts or war
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: war victims

arson
type: Concept
definition: The intentional setting of fires with criminal intent
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: crime

assault
type: Concept
definition: Physical crime against a person, including battery, brawls and threat of bodily harm
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: crime
narrower: sex crime

cyber crime
type: Concept
definition: Criminal activities carried out by means of computers or the internet, such as hacking, phishing scams and identity theft
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: crime

corporate crime
type: Concept
definition: Crimes committed by a corporation or by individuals acting on behalf of a corporation
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: crime
narrower: anti-trust crime
narrower: breach of contract
narrower: embezzlement
narrower: insider trading
narrower: restraint of trade
narrower: accounting crime

corruption
type: Concept
definition: Dishonest actions by a person in power in return for pecuniary or personal gain
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: crime
narrower: bribery

drug related crimes
type: Concept
definition: Illegal activities involving illicit substances, including buying, distribution, selling and smuggling
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: crime
narrower: drug trafficking
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02001000

fraud
type: Concept
definition: Intentional deception for personal or financial gain
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: crime
narrower: tax evasion

hijacking
type: Concept
definition: Taking over a transportation vehicle by force
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: crime
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02001000

homicide
type: Concept
definition: The killing of one person by another, including murder and manslaughter
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: crime

kidnapping
type: Concept
definition: To seize and detain a person against that person's will by unlawful threat, force or fraud
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: crime

organised crime
type: Concept
definition: Crimes committed by gangs or criminal organizations, such as the mafia
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: crime
narrower: gang activity

terrorism
type: Concept
definition: Violence against people to create fear in order to achieve political or ideological objectives
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: crime

robbery and theft
type: Concept
definition: The taking of another person's property without their consent, sometimes by force
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: crime

war crime
type: Concept
definition: Crimes committed during a war or armed conflict, usually against civilians or prisoners of war, including the prosecution of such crimes
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: crime

reckless driving
type: Concept
definition: Serious traffic violations that are likely to, or have led to, the endangerment, injury or death of a person or persons, or the endangerment of or significant property damage
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: crime

human smuggling and trafficking
type: Concept
definition: The illegal transporting of people from one country or area to another. When the result is forced labour or sexual exploitation, the crime is considered trafficking.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-11-20T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: crime

vandalism
type: Concept
definition: Deliberately damaging or destroying public or private property
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-11-20T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: crime

shootings
type: Concept
definition: An act of violence committed by individuals with the use of armed weapons
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: crime

animal abuse
type: Concept
definition: The infliction of cruelty or neglect onto animals by humans
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: crime

torture
type: Concept
definition: Intentionally inflicting severe physical or psychological pain in order to punish the victim or get the victim to take an action or give information
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: crime

sex crime
type: Concept
definition: Sexual crimes against a person, such as rape, harassment, molestation or groping
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: assault

anti-trust crime
type: Concept
definition: Violations of laws aimed at corporations to promote fair competition for the benefit of consumers
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: corporate crime

breach of contract
type: Concept
definition: The breaking of terms set in a contractual agreement
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: corporate crime

embezzlement
type: Concept
definition: The intentional theft or misuse of money left in one's care or belonging to one's employer
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: corporate crime

insider trading
type: Concept
definition: Trading of stocks by persons having access to internal information not made public at the time
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: corporate crime

restraint of trade
type: Concept
definition: Interference in free competition in business and trade
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: corporate crime

accounting crime
type: Concept
definition: The intentional misrepresentation or alteration of accounting records regarding sales, revenues, expenses and other factors
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: corporate crime

bribery
type: Concept
definition: The giving of money or favours in order to influence the judgment or conduct of a person in a position of power
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: corruption

drug trafficking
type: Concept
definition: Dealing in illicit often harmful substances
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: drug related crimes

tax evasion
type: Concept
definition: The illegal evasion of taxes by individuals, corporations, and trusts
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: fraud

gang activity
type: Concept
definition: Criminal activities by groups of individuals, who are allied by common territories, languages or ethnic backgrounds and identify by a common group identity by using a shared name, tattoo, hand sign, clothing style or graffiti symbol
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: organised crime

court
type: Concept
definition: Place where legal cases are heard and decided
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: judiciary
narrower: appeal (court)
narrower: court administration
narrower: judge
narrower: trial (court)
narrower: supreme and high court
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02007000

out of court procedures
type: Concept
definition: Legal issues which are settled outside of court
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: judiciary
narrower: arbitration and mediation
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02000000

prosecution and prosecutors
type: Concept
definition: The process of holding a trial against a person who is accused of a crime to determine guilt and the lawyers and legal team who argue that the accused is guilty
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: judiciary

appeal (court)
type: Concept
definition: Process in which parties request a formal change to an official decision
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: court
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02000000

court administration
type: Concept
definition: Court clerks, bailiffs, stenographers etc.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2019-10-07T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: court

judge
type: Concept
definition: Official who decides cases in a court of law and passes sentences on those found guilty
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: court

trial (court)
type: Concept
definition: The process by which evidence is presented and guilt, innocence or culpability is determined
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: court
narrower: pre-trial
narrower: defendant
narrower: litigation
narrower: witness
narrower: sentencing (criminal)

supreme and high court
type: Concept
definition: matters related to supreme or high courts, including nominations and rulings
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-11-25T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: court

pre-trial
type: Concept
definition: Actions that happen before the start of a trial, such as pleas, bail motions, discovery and depositions
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: trial (court)

defendant
type: Concept
definition: The person on trial
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2019-10-07T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: trial (court)

litigation
type: Concept
definition: Taking disputed issues to court for settlement by judge and/or jury
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: trial (court)

witness
type: Concept
definition: A person who testifies
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2019-10-07T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: trial (court)

sentencing (criminal)
type: Concept
definition: The retribution handed out to those who break laws
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: trial (court)
narrower: capital punishment
narrower: fine (penalty)
narrower: prison
narrower: court-ordered psychiatric treatment
narrower: suspended sentence

arbitration and mediation
type: Concept
definition: Resolution of disputed issues by a neutral panel, including conciliation, negotiation and tribunals
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: out of court procedures

civil rights
type: Concept
definition: Guarantees of protection to individuals freedom from violation by governments, political and social organisations, and other individuals as determined by the laws or constitutions of an individual country
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: fundamental rights

civil law
type: Concept
definition: The system of law focused on private rights and disputes between individuals in such areas as contracts, torts, property, and family law
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: law
narrower: regulations

criminal law
type: Concept
definition: The system of law concerned with the punishment of those who commit crimes
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: law

international law
type: Concept
definition: The system of laws embraced by all nations, such as the Geneva Convention and the International Law of the Seas
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: law
narrower: extradition
narrower: international court and tribunal

administrative law
type: Concept
definition: Body of law that governs the actions of governmental administrative agencies
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: law

regulations
type: Concept
definition: laws that guide the conduct and organization of business corporations
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: civil law
narrower: antitrust regulations
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02006002

antitrust regulations
type: Concept
definition: laws to promote competition between companies for the benefit of consumers
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: regulations

extradition
type: Concept
definition: Legal transfer of criminals or suspects between countries
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: international law

international court and tribunal
type: Concept
definition: The activities of courts under the authority of international organizations or formed by treaties between nations, such as the European Court for Human Rights and International Court of Justice
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: international law

arrest
type: Concept
definition: The detention of a suspect of a crime
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: law enforcement

investigation (criminal)
type: Concept
definition: Inquiry into an alleged crime, including searching, interviews, interrogations and evidence collection
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: law enforcement
narrower: missing person
narrower: dropped criminal investigation

police
type: Concept
definition: Civil force of a national, regional or local government that is responsible for the prevention and detection of crime and the maintenance of public order
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: law enforcement

surveillance
type: Concept
definition: Monitoring the activities of the individual through the use of cameras and data in order to prevent or uncover criminal activities
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2020-08-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: law enforcement

missing person
type: Concept
definition: An adult whose disappearance is possibly not voluntary, or a child whose whereabouts are unknown to the child's legal guardian
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: investigation (criminal)

dropped criminal investigation
type: Concept
definition: When police and/or prosecutors end an investigation without a conclusion
change note: Moved from 20001200 (prosecution) to 20000131 (criminal investigation)
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: investigation (criminal)

capital punishment
type: Concept
definition: The legally authorised execution of someone as punishment for a crime
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sentencing (criminal)
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14025005

fine (penalty)
type: Concept
definition: Money that a court of law or other authority decides has to be paid as punishment for a crime or other offence
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sentencing (criminal)

prison
type: Concept
definition: Facility where people are held as a punishment for a crime they have committed or while awaiting trial
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sentencing (criminal)

court-ordered psychiatric treatment
type: Concept
definition: Psychiatric treatment imposed upon persons with mental health conditions in prisons and jails or as a condition of probation, supervision or parole
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sentencing (criminal)

suspended sentence
type: Concept
definition: Legal arrangement where a judge delays the serving of a sentence by a person who has been found guilty of a crime in order to give them a probationary period
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sentencing (criminal)

explosion accident and incident
type: Concept
definition: Explosions caused by an accidental, non-combat, or non-terrorism source. Also use when the source of the explosion is non-specified or unknown
change note: Change Note 2015-08-27: English name changed
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: accident and emergency incident

industrial accident and incident
type: Concept
definition: Any unplanned event or mishap in an industrial setting that result in injuries to people and damage to property or the environment
change note: Change Note 2015-08-27: English name changed
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: accident and emergency incident
narrower: nuclear accident and incident

transportation accident and incident
type: Concept
definition: An accident or incident involving one or more vehicles
change note: Change Note 2015-08-27: Concept medtop:20000162 was merged into this one as their semantics were not sufficiently different
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: accident and emergency incident
narrower: air and space accident and incident
narrower: maritime accident and incident
narrower: railway accident and incident
narrower: road accident and incident

structural failure
type: Concept
definition: The unexpected collapse of a building, bridge or other structure
change note: Change Note 2015-08-27: broader term changed
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: accident and emergency incident

drowning
type: Concept
definition: When a person's airpipe and lungs become filled with water causing death or injury, most often caused by falling into or bathing in rivers, lakes or the ocean
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: accident and emergency incident

nuclear accident and incident
type: Concept
definition: Any unplanned event that causes unwanted consequences involving radioactive materials
change note: Change Note 2015-08-27: English name changed
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: industrial accident and incident

air and space accident and incident
type: Concept
definition: An accident or incident involving aircrafts or spacecrafts
change note: Change Note 2015-08-27: Concept medtop:20000163 was merged into this one as their semantics were not sufficiently different
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: transportation accident and incident

maritime accident and incident
type: Concept
definition: An accident or incident involving marine vessels.
change note: Change Note 2015-08-27: Concept medtop:20000164 was merged into this one as their semantics were not sufficiently different
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: transportation accident and incident

railway accident and incident
type: Concept
definition: An accident or incident involving trains.
change note: Change Note 2015-08-27: Concept medtop:20000165 was merged into this one as their semantics were not sufficiently different. Note 2016-08-24: typo in name fixed
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: transportation accident and incident

road accident and incident
type: Concept
definition: An accident or incident involving road vehicles.
change note: Change Note 2015-08-27: Concept medtop:20000166 was merged into this one as their semantics were not sufficiently different
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: transportation accident and incident
narrower: wildlife traffic accident

wildlife traffic accident
type: Concept
definition: Traffic accidents involving wild animals
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: road accident and incident

famine
type: Concept
definition: Severe lack of food for a large population
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: disaster

fire
type: Concept
definition: Fires started by an accidental or unknown source. For wildfires, use wildfire. For fires started with a criminal intent, use arson.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: disaster
narrower: wildfire

natural disaster
type: Concept
definition: Destructive incidents caused by nature, such as earthquakes and floods
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: disaster
narrower: drought
narrower: earthquake
narrower: flood
narrower: landslide
narrower: meteorological disaster
narrower: volcanic eruption
narrower: tsunami

wildfire
type: Concept
definition: An uncontrolled fire in an area of combustible vegetation
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: fire

drought
type: Concept
definition: A severe lack of water over a period of time
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: natural disaster

earthquake
type: Concept
definition: The shifting of the tectonic plates of the Earth, creating in some cases damage to structures
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: natural disaster

flood
type: Concept
definition: Surfeit of water, caused by heavy rains or melting snow, usually in places where it's not wanted
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: natural disaster

landslide
type: Concept
definition: Sudden dislodging of massive amounts of snow or soil
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: natural disaster
narrower: avalanche
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/03015002

meteorological disaster
type: Concept
definition: A weather-related disaster
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: natural disaster
narrower: windstorms
narrower: hurricane

volcanic eruption
type: Concept
definition: A rupture in the crust of the Earth allowing molten material to escape to the surface
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: natural disaster

tsunami
type: Concept
definition: High and powerful ocean waves caused by an underwater land disturbance, such as an earthquake or volcanic eruption, known to cause significant damage and loss when they hit land
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2022-02-03T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-02-03T12:00:00+00:00
broader: natural disaster

avalanche
type: Concept
definition: A sudden fall of snow, ice, rock, or mud down the side of a mountain
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: landslide
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/03015002

windstorms
type: Concept
definition: A storm with very strong wind but little or no rain or snow
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: meteorological disaster

hurricane
type: Concept
definition: A type of storm also called a tropical cyclone, which forms over tropical or subtropical waters
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-10-07T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: meteorological disaster

transport incident
type: Concept
definition: An incident involving one or more vehicles
change note: Change Note 2015-08-27: This concept was merged into concept medtop:20000143 as their semantics were not sufficiently different
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-08-27T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: emergency incident
narrower: air and space incident
narrower: maritime incident
narrower: railway incident
narrower: road incident
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/03010000

air and space incident
type: Concept
definition: Incident involving craft in air or space.
change note: Change Note 2015-08-27: This concept was merged into concept medtop:20000144 as their semantics were not sufficiently different
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-08-27T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: transport incident
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/03010003

maritime incident
type: Concept
definition: Incident involving marine vessels.
change note: Change Note 2015-08-27: This concept was merged into concept medtop:20000145 as their semantics were not sufficiently different
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-08-27T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: transport incident
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/03010004

railway incident
type: Concept
definition: Incident involving trains.
change note: Change Note 2015-08-27: This concept was merged into concept medtop:20000146 as their semantics were not sufficiently different
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-08-27T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: transport incident
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/03010002

road incident
type: Concept
definition: Incident involving road vehicles.
change note: Change Note 2015-08-27: This concept was merged into concept medtop:20000147 as their semantics were not sufficiently different
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-08-27T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: transport incident
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/03010001

business finance
type: Concept
definition: A business entity's finances
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business information
narrower: analysts comment
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04000000

business financing
type: Concept
definition: The financing, capital structuring, and investment decisions of a business
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business information
narrower: bankruptcy
narrower: financially distressed company
narrower: restructuring and recapitalisation
narrower: securities
narrower: stocks and securities
narrower: crowdfunding
narrower: corporate bond

human resources
type: Concept
definition: People working for a business and how they are managed
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business information
narrower: layoffs and downsizing
narrower: executive officer
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/09000000

business strategy and marketing
type: Concept
definition: Planning the direction of a company and selling its products and services to achieve the strategy
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business information
narrower: commercial contract
narrower: economic globalisation
narrower: licensing agreement
narrower: new product or service
narrower: patent, copyright and trademark
narrower: product recall
narrower: research and development
narrower: market research
narrower: market trend
narrower: public contract
narrower: client relationship management
narrower: outsourcing
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04016029

business governance
type: Concept
definition: The rules, practices, and processes used to oversee and manage a company
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business information
narrower: proxy filing
narrower: shareholder activity
narrower: annual and special corporate meeting
narrower: annual report
narrower: board of directors
narrower: environmental, social and governance policy (ESG)
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04016027

business reporting and performance
type: Concept
definition: Measuring and reporting on the performance of a business
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business information
narrower: accounting and audit
narrower: credit rating
narrower: corporate earnings
narrower: earnings forecast
narrower: financial statement

business restructuring
type: Concept
definition: Changes to the structure of a business or organisation
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business information
narrower: company spin-off
narrower: joint venture
narrower: leveraged buyout
narrower: management buyout
narrower: merger or acquisition

analysts comment
type: Concept
definition: Stock analyst comments, analysis and recommendations.
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000396 stocks and securities and/or genre:Analysis instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business finance

accounting and audit
type: Concept
definition: Changes regarding applicable accounting rules and the audit of accounting
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20001365 business reporting and performance or medtop:20000272 accountancy and auditing instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business reporting and performance

bankruptcy
type: Concept
definition: Organisations that cannot pay their debts and file for special treatment by governments and financial systems
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business financing

stock buyback
type: Concept
definition: Corporate actions in which companies buy back their own shares
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: stocks and securities

stocks and securities
type: Concept
definition: Financial instruments such as company shares and bonds
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-07-01T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business financing
narrower: stock buyback
narrower: corporate dividends
narrower: stock activity
narrower: stock flotation
narrower: derivatives
narrower: stock recommendation
narrower: hot stock

credit rating
type: Concept
definition: Formal statements by certain rating agencies on the investment risk of a company or enterprise
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business reporting and performance

corporate dividends
type: Concept
definition: Distribution of company profits to shareholders via dividend payments
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: stocks and securities

corporate earnings
type: Concept
definition: Announcements and discussions of corporate earnings
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business reporting and performance

earnings forecast
type: Concept
definition: Analyst prediction of company earnings.
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000178 corporate earnings instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business reporting and performance

financial statement
type: Concept
definition: Formal statements about the company financials typically delivered annually or quarterly
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business reporting and performance

proxy filing
type: Concept
definition: Filings with regulatory agencies of proxy statements for upcoming shareholder votes.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business governance

financially distressed company
type: Concept
definition: Indications that a company is financially distressed but not having filed for bankruptcy yet
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business financing

restructuring and recapitalisation
type: Concept
definition: The sale of company units, splits of existing companies into units under a holding company, etc.
change note: Use medtop:20001366 business restructuring instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-10-02T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-10-02T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business financing

securities
type: Concept
definition: Markets for trading types of company paper such as stocks and bonds
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000396 stocks and securities
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business financing
narrower: stock option

crowdfunding
type: Concept
definition: The funding of a project or venture by raising small amounts of money from a large number of people, typically via the internet
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2020-08-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business financing

corporate bond
type: Concept
definition: Corporate paper representing the loan of money at a fixed rate and for a fixed time to that company or government
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business financing

shareholder activity
type: Concept
definition: Actions taken by owners of one or more shares of a company, including shareholder activism
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business governance

stock activity
type: Concept
definition: Announcements of major stock events: splits, block trades, new highs or lows, etc.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: stocks and securities

stock flotation
type: Concept
definition: The issuing of stock shares to the public for the first time, also called an Initial Public Offering (IPO)
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: stocks and securities
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04016019

layoffs and downsizing
type: Concept
definition: Planned or actual reductions in the labour force.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: human resources

executive officer
type: Concept
definition: Company executive officers including appointments and changes
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: human resources
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04016028

stock option
type: Concept
definition: An agreement to either buy or sell a stock when it meets a certain price, sometimes used as an incentive for employees and officers of a company
change note: Retired. Use derivatives medtop:20000395 instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: securities

commercial contract
type: Concept
definition: Contracts regarding commercial activities
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business strategy and marketing

economic globalisation
type: Concept
definition: Doing business around the world
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business strategy and marketing

licensing agreement
type: Concept
definition: The document defining the terms for licensing intellectual property
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000196 commercial contract instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business strategy and marketing

new product or service
type: Concept
definition: The introduction of products or services to the market
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business strategy and marketing
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04016030

patent, copyright and trademark
type: Concept
definition: Intellectual properties such as patents, copyright and trademarks
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business strategy and marketing

product recall
type: Concept
definition: A decision by a company to take back or repair a defective product
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business strategy and marketing

research and development
type: Concept
definition: Research and expenditure on new product or service development
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business strategy and marketing

market research
type: Concept
definition: Gathering information about the needs and wants of consumers
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business strategy and marketing

market trend
type: Concept
definition: Statistically significant consumer behaviour.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business strategy and marketing

public contract
type: Concept
definition: Written contracts between companies and public authorities for the execution of works, the supply of products or the provision of services.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2016-04-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business strategy and marketing

client relationship management
type: Concept
definition: Creating and maintaining a relationship with the customers to increase sales.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2016-04-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business strategy and marketing

outsourcing
type: Concept
definition: Business practice in which services or job functions are farmed out to a third party
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2020-08-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business strategy and marketing

annual and special corporate meeting
type: Concept
definition: News surrounding company reports and annual or special corporate meetings
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business governance

annual report
type: Concept
definition: Availability or contents of annual company reports.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business governance

board of directors
type: Concept
definition: Appointments to or changes in the board of directors for a company.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business governance

company spin-off
type: Concept
definition: The creation of new companies being spun off from existing companies
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business restructuring

environmental, social and governance policy (ESG)
type: Concept
definition: A company's business practices reflecting responsible social, ethical and environmental policies, sometimes known as corporate social responsibility
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business governance

joint venture
type: Concept
definition: Two or more companies agreeing on a venture.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business restructuring

leveraged buyout
type: Concept
definition: Acquiring control over a company by buying its shares with borrowed money.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business restructuring

management buyout
type: Concept
definition: Acquiring control over a company by the management buying its shares.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business restructuring
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04000000

merger or acquisition
type: Concept
definition: Two or more companies forming a new company mergers, takeovers or acquisitions.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business restructuring

agriculture
type: Concept
definition: The growing and raising of plants and animals for consumption and the processing, cleaning, packing or storage of these products
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: products and services
narrower: aquaculture
narrower: arable farming
narrower: livestock farming
narrower: viniculture

commercial fishing
type: Concept
definition: Fish farming and commercial activity around the catching of fish and seafood for consumption
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: products and services

forestry and timber
type: Concept
definition: The production, collection and preparation of wood products
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: products and services

chemicals
type: Concept
definition: Natural or manmade materials used to produce other materials
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: products and services
narrower: fertiliser
narrower: health and beauty product
narrower: inorganic chemical
narrower: organic chemical
narrower: pesticide and herbicide

plastic
type: Concept
definition: The production of plastics and issues around plastic consumption, including bans, recycling, using less plastics and plastic alternatives
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: products and services

computing and information technology
type: Concept
definition: Computers and the transmission of information
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: products and services
narrower: computer and telecommunications hardware
narrower: computer networking
narrower: satellite technology
narrower: computer security
narrower: semiconductor and electronic component
narrower: software and applications
narrower: telecommunication equipment
narrower: telecommunication service
narrower: wireless technology
narrower: Internet of Things

construction and property
type: Concept
definition: All items pertaining to the construction and sale of property
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: products and services
narrower: design and engineering
narrower: farms
narrower: heavy construction
narrower: house building
narrower: land price
narrower: real estate
narrower: building material
narrower: infrastructure projects
narrower: commercial building
narrower: commercial real estate
narrower: residential real estate

consumer goods
type: Concept
definition: Items produced for and sold to individuals
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: products and services
narrower: beverage
narrower: clothing
narrower: grocery
narrower: luxury good
narrower: non-durable good
narrower: toy and game
narrower: beverage and grocery
narrower: furnishings and furniture
narrower: tobacco and nicotine
narrower: handicrafts
narrower: pet product and service
narrower: consumer electronics

energy and resource
type: Concept
definition: The use of natural resources to generate energy
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: products and services
narrower: renewable energy
narrower: coal
narrower: energy industry
narrower: nuclear power
narrower: oil and gas - downstream activities
narrower: oil and gas - upstream activities
narrower: biofuel
narrower: oil and gas

financial and business service
type: Concept
definition: Services that transmit, safeguard, keep track of money or provide backup to commercial enterprises
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20001370 financial service or medtop:20001371 business service instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: products and services
narrower: funeral parlour and crematorium
narrower: personal finance
narrower: personal income
narrower: printing service

manufacturing and engineering
type: Concept
definition: Manufacturers of electrical, electronic and mechanical equipment but does not cover civil engineering.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: products and services
narrower: aerospace
narrower: automotive
narrower: defence equipment
narrower: electrical appliance
narrower: heavy engineering
narrower: industrial component
narrower: instrument engineering
narrower: machine manufacturing
narrower: shipbuilding
narrower: capital goods
narrower: railway manufacturing

media and entertainment industry
type: Concept
definition: The various means of disseminating news, information and entertainment to the public
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: products and services
narrower: advertising
narrower: books and publishing
narrower: film industry
narrower: music industry
narrower: news agency
narrower: newspaper and magazine
narrower: online media industry
narrower: public relations
narrower: radio industry
narrower: satellite and cable service
narrower: television industry
narrower: streaming service
narrower: podcast
narrower: news industry

metal and mineral mining and refining
type: Concept
definition: The extractive businesses that remove raw materials, including coal, gold iron and copper, from the earth by drilling and pumping, quarrying or mining
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: products and services
narrower: precious material
narrower: iron and steel
narrower: mining
narrower: non-ferrous metal

process industry
type: Concept
definition: The business of turning raw materials into useable products
change note: Retired. Use more specific terms instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: products and services
narrower: distiller and brewer
narrower: paper and packaging product
narrower: rubber product
narrower: soft drinks
narrower: textile and clothing
narrower: e-cigarette

tourism and leisure industry
type: Concept
definition: Commercial organisations and operations dealing with travel and the pursuit of recreational activities
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: products and services
narrower: casinos and gambling
narrower: hotel and accommodation
narrower: recreational and sporting goods
narrower: restaurant and catering
narrower: tour operator

transport
type: Concept
definition: The means of getting people or goods from one place to another
change note: 2016-04-05: definition slightly changed
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: products and services
narrower: air transport
narrower: railway transport
narrower: road transport
narrower: traffic
narrower: waterway and maritime transport
narrower: logistics
narrower: public transport
narrower: taxi and ride-hailing
narrower: shared transport

utilities
type: Concept
definition: The providing of basic services to the public, such as supplying water, waste removal, heating and cooling
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-07-25T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: products and services
narrower: electricity
narrower: waste management
narrower: water supply
narrower: heating and cooling

sales channel
type: Concept
definition: Indirect or direct ways of bringing products or services to market so that they can be purchased by consumers
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-11-25T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: products and services
narrower: retail
narrower: wholesale
narrower: auction

healthcare industry
type: Concept
definition: Goods and services to treat patients through curative, preventive, rehabilitative and palliative care
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: products and services
narrower: biotechnology business
narrower: pharmaceutical
narrower: health care provider
narrower: medical equipment

financial service
type: Concept
definition: Professional services involving the investment, lending or management of money and other assets
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: products and services
narrower: accountancy and auditing
narrower: banking
narrower: insurance
narrower: financial advisory service
narrower: personal finance and investment
narrower: stock broking
narrower: loans and lending
narrower: asset management

business service
type: Concept
definition: Services provided to business operations and for individuals, such as consulting, legal representation and job placement
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: products and services
narrower: consultancy
narrower: employment agency
narrower: janitorial service
narrower: legal service
narrower: personal service
narrower: rental service
narrower: shipping and postal service
narrower: wedding service
narrower: trade show or expo
narrower: payment service
narrower: physical security

aquaculture
type: Concept
definition: Growing plants or animals in water for human consumption
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000210 agriculture instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: agriculture

arable farming
type: Concept
definition: The growing of plants on a large scale commercially, especially a cereal, fruit, grain or vegetable
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000210 agriculture instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: agriculture

livestock farming
type: Concept
definition: Raising of animals for their by-products, such as meat, eggs, milk, fur and wool
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000210 agriculture instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: agriculture

viniculture
type: Concept
definition: Production of wines from the vines to the finished products
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000324 beverage and grocery instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: agriculture

fertiliser
type: Concept
definition: Natural or manmade materials used to encourage the growth of plants
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000217 chemicals instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: chemicals

health and beauty product
type: Concept
definition: Compilation of chemicals and other substances for use in enhancing ones looks or smell
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20001248 cosmetics instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: chemicals

inorganic chemical
type: Concept
definition: The branch of chemistry dealing with minerals and metals
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000217 chemicals instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: chemicals

organic chemical
type: Concept
definition: The branch of chemistry dealing with human, animal or carbon-based substances
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000217 chemicals instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: chemicals

pesticide and herbicide
type: Concept
definition: Chemicals used to eliminate weeds and pests
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2025-10-09T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-10-09T12:00:00+00:00
broader: chemicals

biotechnology business
type: Concept
definition: The business of using engineering technology to study and solve problems of living organisms
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: healthcare industry

pharmaceutical
type: Concept
definition: The production of medicines from various chemicals and natural substances and the research and discovery around new medications
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: healthcare industry

computer and telecommunications hardware
type: Concept
definition: Physical devices used to provide computer and telecommunication service, such as modems, keyboards, hard drives, telephones, routers and monitors
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: computing and information technology

computer networking
type: Concept
definition: The interconnectivity between hardware that provides the medium for the transmission of data.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: computing and information technology

satellite technology
type: Concept
definition: Hardware and software that enables ground-based devices to send signals to each other via an orbiting satellite.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: computing and information technology

computer security
type: Concept
definition: To encompass technical developments in hardware and software, basic research and related areas such as cyber security
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000086 cyber crime or medtop:20001361 cyber warfare instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: computing and information technology

semiconductor and electronic component
type: Concept
definition: The basic components that together create working electronic devices such as computer chips, transistors, diodes and integrated circuits
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: computing and information technology

software and applications
type: Concept
definition: Computer programs including mobile or web apps and operating systems
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: computing and information technology

telecommunication equipment
type: Concept
definition: Devices such as telephone sets, voice/data switches, modems etc that facilitate point-to-point voice/data transmissions
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000226 computer and telecommuncations hardware instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: computing and information technology

telecommunication service
type: Concept
definition: Services provided by commercial companies that facilitate connections between telephones and computers
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: computing and information technology

wireless technology
type: Concept
definition: Technology and services that permit the transfer of information between separated points without physical connection, including Bluetooth and Wi-Fi networks
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-07-01T12:00:00+00:00
broader: computing and information technology

Internet of Things
type: Concept
definition: A network of devices using microchips, electronic sensors and communication by the Internet
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000226 hardware, or generic medtop:20000225 computing and information technology as appropriate.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2016-04-04T12:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: computing and information technology

design and engineering
type: Concept
definition: Design and planning by engineers, architects etc. of roads, offices, factories, dams , offshore structures.
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20001245 infrastructure projects instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: construction and property

farms
type: Concept
definition: Agricultural areas for the production of foodstuffs, including dairy products, fruits and livestock, such as cattle and fish
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000210 agriculture instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2019-10-07T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: construction and property

heavy construction
type: Concept
definition: Large scale construction projects, construction of roads, dams, office/factory buildings, offshore and onshore structures, large sport stadiums
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000235 construction and property instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2019-07-25T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: construction and property

house building
type: Concept
definition: Construction of residences, for private use
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20001368 residential real estate instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: construction and property

land price
type: Concept
definition: The price of land in specific zoned areas such as commercial, residential or arable as provided by a responsible body
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20001368 residential real estate instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: construction and property

real estate
type: Concept
definition: The buying, selling, renting and leasing of properties of all types
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20001368 residential real estate or medtop:20001367 commercial real estate instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: construction and property

building material
type: Concept
definition: Manufacturing of the materials used in construction, such as wallboard, lumber and wire
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: construction and property

infrastructure projects
type: Concept
definition: The construction of the fundamental facilities and systems serving a country, city, or other area, including roads, bridges, dams, tunnels, telecommunications and electrical grids
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-07-25T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: construction and property

commercial building
type: Concept
definition: The construction of buildings for commerce and business, including office buildings, retail shops, restaurants, hotels and stadiums
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20001367 commercial real estate instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-07-25T12:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: construction and property

commercial real estate
type: Concept
definition: The building and sale of property used for business purposes rather than as a living space
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: construction and property

residential real estate
type: Concept
definition: The building and sale of property to be used as living space
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: construction and property

beverage
type: Concept
definition: Liquid consumables, both alcoholic and non-alcoholic
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000324 beverage and grocery instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: consumer goods

clothing
type: Concept
definition: The manufacturing and purchasing of apparel
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: consumer goods

grocery
type: Concept
definition: The selling of edible goods for human consumption to the end customers
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000324 beverage and grocery instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: consumer goods

luxury good
type: Concept
definition: Non-essential high-end goods, such as leather bags, jewellery or supercars
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: consumer goods

non-durable good
type: Concept
definition: Products meant to only be used for a short period of time
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000243 consumer goods instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: consumer goods

toy and game
type: Concept
definition: Children's playthings or collectible items for adults, such as dolls, action figures and miniatures
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: consumer goods

beverage and grocery
type: Concept
definition: The production and sale of foodstuffs
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: consumer goods

furnishings and furniture
type: Concept
definition: Manufacture of furniture, wallpaper, paints and fabrics for interior decoration
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: consumer goods

tobacco and nicotine
type: Concept
definition: The sale and manufacturing of tobacco products for consumers, including cigarettes, e-cigarettes and vaping cartridges
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: consumer goods

handicrafts
type: Concept
definition: The creators and sellers of crafts and the making and selling of the supplies used to make those crafts
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2016-04-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: consumer goods

pet product and service
type: Concept
definition: Hygiene products, care and nutrition for pets
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2016-04-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: consumer goods

consumer electronics
type: Concept
definition: Electronic devices, such as computers, smart phones or televisions, designed and sold for personal use
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-08-02T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: consumer goods

department store
type: Concept
definition: Store selling a variety of goods, such as clothing, housewares, jewellery and cosmetics
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: retail

retail
type: Concept
definition: The selling of goods directly to consumers
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sales channel
narrower: department store
narrower: online shopping
narrower: mail order
narrower: specialty store
narrower: shopping mall
narrower: shopping district and high street

online shopping
type: Concept
definition: Buying and selling items through the internet
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: retail

mail order
type: Concept
definition: Items sold through and delivered by mail
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000247 online shopping instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: retail

specialty store
type: Concept
definition: Retail outlets that specialise in categories such as shoes, coats, power tools, etc
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: retail

shopping mall
type: Concept
definition: A large building or series of connected buildings that contain a variety of retail stores and food vendors
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2020-08-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: retail

shopping district and high street
type: Concept
definition: Primary retail streets of towns or cities containing individual stores and restaurants
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2020-08-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: retail

wholesale
type: Concept
definition: The first link in the sales chain after production
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sales channel

renewable energy
type: Concept
definition: Energy derived from sustainable sources
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: energy and resource
narrower: geothermal power
narrower: solar power
narrower: hydroelectric power
narrower: wind power

coal
type: Concept
definition: Production and mining of anthracite and bituminous products for use in power production
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: energy and resource

energy industry
type: Concept
definition: The energy industry, not focused on any specific sector
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2019-07-25T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: energy and resource

nuclear power
type: Concept
definition: Use of radioactive materials for power production
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: energy and resource

oil and gas - downstream activities
type: Concept
definition: All matters concerning oil and gas, typically refining and distribution activities
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2019-07-25T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: energy and resource

oil and gas - upstream activities
type: Concept
definition: All matters concerning oil and gas, typically supply chain activities from the reservoir to the refinery gate
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2019-07-25T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: energy and resource

biofuel
type: Concept
definition: Fuel that is derived from biomass, such as ethanol
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: energy and resource

oil and gas
type: Concept
definition: The exploration, extraction, refining, transporting and marketing of petroleum products and natural gas
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-07-25T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: energy and resource
narrower: diesel fuel
narrower: kerosene/paraffin
narrower: natural gas
narrower: petrol

geothermal power
type: Concept
definition: Thermal energy that is generated and stored in the Earth
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: renewable energy

solar power
type: Concept
definition: Electricity generated and harvested from the sun's rays
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: renewable energy

hydroelectric power
type: Concept
definition: Electricity produced from hydropower when water flows through turbines
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: renewable energy

wind power
type: Concept
definition: Electricity that is generated by kinetic energy of wind, usually produced by windmills or turbines
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: renewable energy

diesel fuel
type: Concept
definition: A distilled petroleum product heavier than gasoline used for trucks, marine engines, certain cars and in some forms for home heating
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: oil and gas

electricity
type: Concept
definition: The power line distribution system and the sale of electrical power at wholesale and retail levels
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: utilities

kerosene/paraffin
type: Concept
definition: A light petroleum distillate used for cooking fuel, aircraft jet engines, lamps, heating and cleaning
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20001243 oil and gas instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: oil and gas

natural gas
type: Concept
definition: A natural resource, mainly methane in a flammable gaseous state extracted from the ground
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: oil and gas

petrol
type: Concept
definition: Distilled petroleum product used for automotive fuel, with or without additives
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: oil and gas

waste management
type: Concept
definition: The collecting, disposing or recycling of household and business waste
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: utilities

water supply
type: Concept
definition: The business of providing water for household and commercial use
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: utilities

funeral parlour and crematorium
type: Concept
definition: Companies that provide services for disposal of the dead
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20001235 funeral and memorial service instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: financial and business service

personal finance
type: Concept
definition: An individual's income and expenses
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: financial and business service

personal income
type: Concept
definition: Money that a person earns and is his/hers to keep or spend
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: financial and business service

printing service
type: Concept
definition: The production of printed matter such as flyers, ads, signs, etc.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: financial and business service

accountancy and auditing
type: Concept
definition: Companies that provide balance sheet preparation and budget reconciliation services and examine accuracy of financial statements
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: financial service

auction
type: Concept
definition: Auction houses and all types of auctions, such as police auctions and silent auctions
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sales channel

banking
type: Concept
definition: Financial institutions and services for storing, transmitting, receiving and delivering money
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: financial service

consultancy
type: Concept
definition: Providers of expert knowledge in a wide range of fields usually on a temporary, contract basis
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business service

employment agency
type: Concept
definition: A service helping people find jobs, and companies to find workers
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business service

health care provider
type: Concept
definition: Organisations and individuals that provide medical services at all levels
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: healthcare industry

insurance
type: Concept
definition: A risk-taking venture that allows individuals to pay small amounts periodically to guard financially against unexpected events
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: financial service

financial advisory service
type: Concept
definition: Financial advisers, as opposed to stock dealers or consultants
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: financial service

janitorial service
type: Concept
definition: Companies that provide cleaning and similar services for homes and businesses.
change note: Retired.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business service

legal service
type: Concept
definition: Lawyers, notaries and others who help companies and individuals deal with state, federal and local laws
change note: 2016-04-04: definition slightly modified.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business service

personal finance and investment
type: Concept
definition: Investing an individual's savings in the hope of future gains
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: financial service

personal service
type: Concept
definition: Consumer service that is intangible e.g. beauty care such as hairdressing
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20001249 hairstyles or medtop:20000220 cosmetics instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business service

rental service
type: Concept
definition: Companies that provide items on a short-term rental basis, including motor vehicles, clothing, tools, heavy equipment and other supplies
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business service

shipping and postal service
type: Concept
definition: Organisations that prepare and transport packages and documents for individuals or companies by any means, including postal services
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business service

stock broking
type: Concept
definition: The buying and selling of company shares on behalf of individuals or other entities
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: financial service

wedding service
type: Concept
definition: Services and products related to the wedding industry
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20001236 wedding instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business service

aerospace
type: Concept
definition: Companies that assemble or manufacture components for airplanes and space ships.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: manufacturing and engineering

automotive
type: Concept
definition: Companies that manufacture automotive components and assemble automobiles
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: manufacturing and engineering

defence equipment
type: Concept
definition: Manufacturers of guns, tanks, ships or other equipment for military and non-military protection services
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: manufacturing and engineering

electrical appliance
type: Concept
definition: Makers of large and small electrical goods for use in homes or business
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: manufacturing and engineering

heavy engineering
type: Concept
definition: Manufacturers of engineering equipment, such as cranes and bulldozers, for use in major construction projects
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: manufacturing and engineering

industrial component
type: Concept
definition: Manufacturers of mechanical, electrical, electronic items needed in the manufacture of other items
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: manufacturing and engineering

instrument engineering
type: Concept
definition: Manufacturers of instruments for calibration, measurement of things like speed, pressure, distance
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: manufacturing and engineering

machine manufacturing
type: Concept
definition: Manufacturers of turbines, engines, fans, pumps, motors and other components for powered equipment
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: manufacturing and engineering

shipbuilding
type: Concept
definition: Manufacturers of ships and submersibles and suppliers for the maintenance and repair of these vessels
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: manufacturing and engineering

capital goods
type: Concept
definition: Durable goods used in the production of other goods or services.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2016-04-04T12:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: manufacturing and engineering

railway manufacturing
type: Concept
definition: Manufactures of rolling stock and suppliers for the maintenance and repair of railroads
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2016-04-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: manufacturing and engineering

advertising
type: Concept
definition: Methods of promoting goods and services to consumers
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: media and entertainment industry

books and publishing
type: Concept
definition: The business of producing and selling books, including e-books and audiobooks
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: media and entertainment industry

film industry
type: Concept
definition: The business of making, selling and distributing films
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: media and entertainment industry

music industry
type: Concept
definition: Recording, production and marketing of music
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: media and entertainment industry

news agency
type: Concept
definition: Commercial agencies for production and distribution of newsworthy events through print, broadcast, video or electronic media
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20001372 news industry instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: media and entertainment industry

newspaper and magazine
type: Concept
definition: The business of producing bound and unbound printed paper products for periodic distribution of news items
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20001372 news industry instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: media and entertainment industry

online media industry
type: Concept
definition: The business of distributing news and information through computer networks for public consumption
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20001372 news industry instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: media and entertainment industry

public relations
type: Concept
definition: The business of managing and disseminating information from an individual or an organization to the public in order to influence their perception
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: media and entertainment industry

radio industry
type: Concept
definition: Companies and organisations involved in the broadcast of radio stations and their content to the public
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: media and entertainment industry

satellite and cable service
type: Concept
definition: The business of transmitting news, entertainment and information via satellite or cable television services
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: media and entertainment industry

television industry
type: Concept
definition: The production and broadcasting of television content
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: media and entertainment industry

streaming service
type: Concept
definition: Providers of entertainment (music, movies, series, etc.) that deliver the content via an internet connection to the subscriber's computer, TV or mobile device
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2020-08-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: media and entertainment industry

podcast
type: Concept
definition: Podcast networks and the people who create and distribute audio content, typically in a series format, to audiences
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: media and entertainment industry

news industry
type: Concept
definition: The production and distribution of content about newsworthy events through print, broadcast, video or electronic media
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: media and entertainment industry

precious material
type: Concept
definition: The mining, refining and sale of materials such as gold, silver, precious metals, diamonds and rare earths
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: metal and mineral mining and refining

iron and steel
type: Concept
definition: Mining, refining and sales of iron-based metals
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000316 metal and mineral mining and refining instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: metal and mineral mining and refining

mining
type: Concept
definition: The industry of digging for metals, minerals, raw materials, such as coal, or precious gems, such as diamonds
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000316 metal and mineral mining and refining instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: metal and mineral mining and refining

non-ferrous metal
type: Concept
definition: Mining, refining and sales of copper, zinc, aluminium, and other metals not based on iron
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000316 metal and mineral mining and refining instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: metal and mineral mining and refining

distiller and brewer
type: Concept
definition: Manufacture of alcoholic beverages
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000324 beverage and grocery instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: process industry

paper and packaging product
type: Concept
definition: Production of paper material for writing, wrapping, printing, or packaging
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: process industry

rubber product
type: Concept
definition: Production of rubber-based materials for gloves, protective coatings, hoses and the like
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: process industry

soft drinks
type: Concept
definition: Production of non-alcoholic drinks
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000324 beverage and grocery instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: process industry

textile and clothing
type: Concept
definition: Production of fabrics for furnishings and fixtures, and for clothing of various types
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000245 clothing instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: process industry

e-cigarette
type: Concept
definition: An electronic cigarette is a battery-operated device with an atomizer and a cartridge containing either a nicotine or a non-nicotine liquid solution.
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000330 tobacco and nicotine instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2016-04-04T12:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: process industry

casinos and gambling
type: Concept
definition: Organisations providing outlets for betting money on games of chance or animal races
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: tourism and leisure industry

hotel and accommodation
type: Concept
definition: The business of providing lodging to travellers
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: tourism and leisure industry

recreational and sporting goods
type: Concept
definition: Manufacture of goods for leisure activities
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: tourism and leisure industry

restaurant and catering
type: Concept
definition: The business of providing prepared food for customers
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: tourism and leisure industry

tour operator
type: Concept
definition: Operators of trips either locally or internationally
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: tourism and leisure industry

air transport
type: Concept
definition: The movement of passengers and freight by air
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: transport

railway transport
type: Concept
definition: The movement of passengers and freight by rail
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: transport

road transport
type: Concept
definition: The movement of passengers and freight by road
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: transport

traffic
type: Concept
definition: Traffic reports and/or warnings
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: transport

waterway and maritime transport
type: Concept
definition: Commercial movement of people or goods via boats, ships and water
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: transport

logistics
type: Concept
definition: Supply chain, inventory management and transportation of products.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2016-04-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: transport

public transport
type: Concept
definition: Forms of transportation, such as buses and trains, that charge set fares, run on fixed routes and are available to the general public
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2022-09-23T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-09-23T12:00:00+00:00
broader: transport

taxi and ride-hailing
type: Concept
definition: On-demand ride service, provided by taxi companies or tech companies such as Uber and Lyft, the drivers who transport passengers and the rules and regulations imposed upon these companies within a region
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2022-09-23T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-09-23T12:00:00+00:00
broader: transport

shared transport
type: Concept
definition: A network of vehicles, such as cars, bikes and scooters, that can be rented by travellers on an as-needed basis for short-term use
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2022-09-23T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-09-23T12:00:00+00:00
broader: transport

commuting
type: Concept
definition: The process of getting to and from work, including transport options, travel networks, car pooling.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: employment
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/10007000

economic trends and indicators
type: Concept
definition: The behaviour and performance of the economy as a whole
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economy
narrower: bonds
narrower: budgets and budgeting
narrower: consumers
narrower: consumer confidence
narrower: credit and debt
narrower: deflation
narrower: economic growth
narrower: economic indicator
narrower: gross domestic product
narrower: industrial production
narrower: inventories
narrower: productivity
narrower: employment statistics
narrower: exporting
narrower: government aid
narrower: government debt
narrower: importing
narrower: inflation
narrower: investments
narrower: mortgages
narrower: prices
narrower: recession

central bank
type: Concept
definition: A country's major bank that sets interest rates and provides transfer of funds between commercial banks
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economy

currency
type: Concept
definition: The system of money used by a country, including the value of one currency as measured against another
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economy
narrower: cryptocurrency

economic organisation
type: Concept
definition: Business, industrial and trade associations, societies and other private-sector groups
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economy

emerging market
type: Concept
definition: Economies of developing nations that are growing and becoming more engaged with global markets
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economy

international economic institution
type: Concept
definition: Global institutions working in the domain of international economic cooperation and stability, such as the International Monetary Fund, UNIDO, World Bank and World Trade Organization
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-07-01T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economy

international trade
type: Concept
definition: Trade of goods and services between nations
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economy
narrower: trade agreements
narrower: balance of trade
narrower: trade dispute
narrower: trade policy
narrower: tariff

monetary policy
type: Concept
definition: Government bank directed policy on the amount of money in circulation and the rate at which it can be loaned
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economy
narrower: interest rates

mutual funds
type: Concept
definition: Pools of shares or bonds for sale often grouped by investment intention, such as growth, income or security
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economy

sharing economy
type: Concept
definition: Peer-to-peer-based sharing of access to goods and services
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2016-04-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economy

economic policy
type: Concept
definition: Government-directed policy on the economy including, production, taxes and tariffs
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government policy
narrower: nationalisation
narrower: privatisation
narrower: state-owned enterprise
narrower: economic development incentive

nationalisation
type: Concept
definition: State takeover of private organisations or properties
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economic policy

privatisation
type: Concept
definition: The transfer of state-owned organisations or properties to private owners
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economic policy

state-owned enterprise
type: Concept
definition: Enterprises owned partially or completely by the government
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economic policy
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04017001

economic development incentive
type: Concept
definition: The offer of funds, financial incentive programmes or subsidies to stimulate businesses and the economy
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2020-08-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economic policy

bonds
type: Concept
definition: Corporate or governmental paper representing the loan of money at a fixed rate and for a fixed time to that company or government
change note: Retired. Use medtop:medtop:20001376 corporate bond or medtop:20000368 government debt for government debt bonds.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economic trends and indicators

budgets and budgeting
type: Concept
definition: A method of balancing revenues against expenses
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000607 government budget or medtop:20000287 personal finance and investment instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economic trends and indicators

consumers
type: Concept
definition: Buyers of goods and services
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000352 consumer confidence, medtop:20000243 consumer goods or medtop:20000284 market trend instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economic trends and indicators
narrower: consumer issue

consumer confidence
type: Concept
definition: A measure of consumers' feelings about current and future economic conditions, including prices, inflation and the quality of retail goods, used as an indicator of the overall state of the economy
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economic trends and indicators

credit and debt
type: Concept
definition: Credit: the amount of money available to you, often by loan. Debt: the amount you owe.
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000368 government debt, medtop:20000390 debt market or medtop:20000287 personal finance and investment instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economic trends and indicators

deflation
type: Concept
definition: The decrease in the general price level of goods and services within an economy
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economic trends and indicators
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04008016

economic growth
type: Concept
definition: An increase of the gross domestic product (GDP)
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economic trends and indicators
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04000000

economic indicator
type: Concept
definition: Certain indexes, such as company inventories, the movement of prices that show whether the economy is improving or declining
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000346 economic trends and indicators instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economic trends and indicators

gross domestic product
type: Concept
definition: A measure of a region's economic performance, commonly abbreviated as GDP
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economic trends and indicators
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04000000

industrial production
type: Concept
definition: Manufacture of durable and non-durable goods
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economic trends and indicators

inventories
type: Concept
definition: Goods not sold and held by the producer, wholesaler or retailer
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economic trends and indicators

productivity
type: Concept
definition: A measure of output from production or service
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economic trends and indicators

employment statistics
type: Concept
definition: Trends and statistics about areas such as job growth, unemployment and wage growth
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economic trends and indicators
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04008000

exporting
type: Concept
definition: The producing of manufacturing of goods by a country to be sold elsewhere
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economic trends and indicators

government aid
type: Concept
definition: Supply of financial and other help by one government, usually to another
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000643 foreign aid instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economic trends and indicators

government debt
type: Concept
definition: Debt incurred when a country borrows funds to pay for public services and projects that it cannot afford based on the amount of taxes it has raised
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economic trends and indicators

importing
type: Concept
definition: A country bringing in goods that were produced or manufactured elsewhere
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economic trends and indicators

inflation
type: Concept
definition: The overall increase in prices and cost of living throughout an economy
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economic trends and indicators
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04008016

investments
type: Concept
definition: Speculative purchases of corporate instruments, of commodities, currencies, or parts thereof
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000287 personal finance and investment instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economic trends and indicators

mortgages
type: Concept
definition: Trends around loans taken out to buy homes, such as the interest rates of mortgages, the amount of people buying property with a mortgage and the ease of getting approved for a mortgage
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economic trends and indicators

prices
type: Concept
definition: The monetary value of goods, services or stocks and bonds
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000370 inflation or medtop:20000356 deflation instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economic trends and indicators

recession
type: Concept
definition: A decrease in gross domestic product over a period of two quarters in a row
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: economic trends and indicators
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04000000

start-up and entrepreneurial business
type: Concept
definition: The process of designing, launching and running a new business
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2016-04-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business enterprise

small and medium enterprise
type: Concept
definition: A small and medium enterprise (SME) is a company whose number of employees, balance and turnover cannot exceed certain limits set by the country where it is located
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2016-04-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business enterprise

cooperative
type: Concept
definition: An organisation which is owned and run jointly by its members, who share the profits or benefits of their work
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-10-07T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business enterprise

consumer issue
type: Concept
definition: Issues, such as prices, inflation/deflation, quality of goods, at the retail sales level
change note: Retired. Use individual product terms or medtop:20000207 product recall instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: consumers

cryptocurrency
type: Concept
definition: An internet-based medium of exchange using cryptography to conduct financial transactions
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-10-07T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: currency

interest rates
type: Concept
definition: The amount a lender charges a borrower as a percentage of the principal. Often set by a central bank or government.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: monetary policy

trade agreements
type: Concept
definition: Agreements between countries or trading blocs for the sale and purchase of goods and services
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: international trade

balance of trade
type: Concept
definition: The difference between the financial value of imports and exports
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: international trade

trade dispute
type: Concept
definition: International dispute over issues such as trade barriers, cartels and dumping, resolved by the World Trade Organization
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: international trade

trade policy
type: Concept
definition: Governmental decisions on tariffs, shipping, embargoes, and the types of goods and services to be imported and exported
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: international trade

tariff
type: Concept
definition: Fees placed on imported or exported goods
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: international trade

commodities market
type: Concept
definition: The market for goods such as cotton, oil, coal and metals
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: market and exchange
narrower: energy market
narrower: metal
narrower: soft commodities market

debt market
type: Concept
definition: Market for debt instruments such as bonds, certificates of deposit, banker's acceptances and Treasury bills
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: market and exchange

foreign exchange market
type: Concept
definition: The market for international currency
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: market and exchange

loan market
type: Concept
definition: The market where financial organisations provide loans to borrowers and sell them on to investors
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: market and exchange

energy market
type: Concept
definition: The market for commodities such as electricity, heat, and fuel products
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: commodities market

metal
type: Concept
definition: Markets for trading base metals such as copper, aluminium, steel, zinc etc
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: commodities market

soft commodities market
type: Concept
definition: Market for commodities such as cotton, sugar, sorghum, soybeans
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000386 commodity market instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-10-02T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: commodities market

loans and lending
type: Concept
definition: An agreement by an individual or institution to borrow money with an agreed interest rate and time for its return
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: financial service

derivatives
type: Concept
definition: Financial instruments such as futures, swaps and options that depend on an underlying instrument such as a commodity, bond, equity or currency
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: stocks and securities

stock recommendation
type: Concept
definition: An analyst's recommendation for particular stocks. May include the analyst s price target for the stock.
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000396 stocks and/or genre:Analysis instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2012-10-04T12:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: stocks and securities
narrower: buy recommendation
narrower: hold recommendation
narrower: sell recommendation

hot stock
type: Concept
definition: Remarkable price movements of a particular stock.
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000396 stocks and/or genre:Analysis instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2012-10-04T12:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: stocks and securities

primary education
type: Concept
definition: Education and schools designed to provide students with fundamental skills in reading, writing and mathematics and to establish a solid foundation for later learning
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: school

further education
type: Concept
definition: Any form of education beyond basic education of several levels
change note: Retired on 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00. Use medtop:20000403 adult and continuing education or medtop:20001216 vocational education
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: school

adult and continuing education
type: Concept
definition: Education for adults who have left the formal education system that offers new forms of knowledge or skills, including professional certificates and online courses provided by companies such as Codeacademy or Udemy
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-07-01T12:00:00+00:00
broader: school

upper secondary education
type: Concept
definition: Education and schools preparing students for tertiary education or providing skills relevant to employment through a curriculum with an increased range of subject options and streams
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: school

college and university
type: Concept
definition: Institutions of higher learning that provide degrees in a course of study at the undergraduate, postgraduate or doctorate level
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: school
narrower: college
narrower: university
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/05000000

lower secondary education
type: Concept
definition: Education and schools that build on primary education with a more subject-oriented curriculum. Schools may be called middle schools or junior highs in the United States.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: school

early childhood education
type: Concept
definition: Education for children under the national compulsory education age
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: school

religious school
type: Concept
definition: School that has a religious component in its operations or its curriculum
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: school

state school
type: Concept
definition: Schools maintained by public funds, usually government-imposed taxes
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: school

private school
type: Concept
definition: Schools maintained by private funds and organisations
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: school

independent school
type: Concept
definition: Schools funded by money from taxes via government, but run by companies, organisations or cooperatives
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: school

college
type: Concept
definition: Institution of higher learning, its specific scope is set differently in different countries
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000405 college and university
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: college and university
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/05000000

university
type: Concept
definition: Institutions of higher learning capable of providing doctorate degrees
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000405 college and university
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: college and university

global warming
type: Concept
definition: This category includes all issues relating to global warming including temperature research, remote sensing on temperature trends, debate on global warming, ways to reduce emissions and carbon trading.
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000418 climate change instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2025-06-30T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-06-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: climate change

energy saving
type: Concept
definition: Conservation of electrical, and other power sources
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20001374 sustainability instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2025-06-30T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-06-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: conservation

nature preserve
type: Concept
definition: Land set aside for conservation and preservation of flora and fauna, such as national, state and provincial parks
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-06-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: conservation

environmental policy
type: Concept
definition: Government programs and policies related to environmental issues, such as pollution, renewable energy and conservation
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government policy

air pollution
type: Concept
definition: Contaminants affecting the quality of the air
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-10-09T12:00:00+00:00
broader: environmental pollution

environmental clean-up
type: Concept
definition: The removal of hazardous materials from contaminated areas
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-10-09T12:00:00+00:00
broader: environmental pollution

hazardous material
type: Concept
definition: Materials that are harmful to humans or animals if they are exposed to them, such as radiation, poison gases, chemicals, heavy metals, PCBs, mircoplastics and certain plant products
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-10-09T12:00:00+00:00
broader: environmental pollution

waste material
type: Concept
definition: The environmental impact of waste, including recycling efforts
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-10-09T12:00:00+00:00
broader: environmental pollution

water pollution
type: Concept
definition: Contaminants affecting the quality of water
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-10-09T12:00:00+00:00
broader: environmental pollution

energy resources
type: Concept
definition: Such resources as coal, gas, wind, sunlight etc., used to generate heat, electricity and power
change note: Retired. Use the relevant term from the business branch instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2025-06-30T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-06-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: natural resource

land resources
type: Concept
definition: That portion of a nation or state that is above water and available for development either for profit or for the general good of the public
change note: Retired. Use the relevant term for what is happening on the land, such as commercial real estate, housing and urban planning policy, etc.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2025-06-30T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-06-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: natural resource

population growth
type: Concept
definition: People and their growth and development within a natural setting
change note: Retired. Use population and census (medtop:20000774) instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2025-06-30T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-06-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: natural resource

renewable energy
type: Concept
definition: The environmental impact of renewable energy, including solar, wind, hydro, biomass and geothermal
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000431 energy resources for environmental impacts or medtop:20000257 renewable energy for the general concept.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: natural resource

water
type: Concept
definition: Environmental issues about bodies of water, including oceans, lakes, streams and reservoirs, as well as ice, glaciers and forms of precipitation
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000270 water supply, medtop:20000438 ocean, medtop:20000439 river or other more specific term.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2025-10-09T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: natural resource

forest
type: Concept
definition: Open areas of trees either available for public enjoyment, or for commercial purposes
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-06-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: nature

mountain
type: Concept
definition: Elevated land masses formed over the ages either by erosion, volcanic eruption, or movement of massive geographical formations called plates
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-06-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: nature

ocean
type: Concept
definition: The body of salt water that covers nearly three fourths of the surface of the earth
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-06-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: nature

river
type: Concept
definition: Moving water areas bounded by land that extend from earth sources and meander through land areas to join with other water areas
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-06-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: nature

wetland
type: Concept
definition: Areas generally marshy and not either under water or dry land. Often related to aquifers for water quality and/or wildlife
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-06-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: nature

ecosystem
type: Concept
definition: Interacting organisms, such as plants, animals, and bacteria, and their environment
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-10-09T12:00:00+00:00
broader: nature

endangered species
type: Concept
definition: Species in danger of disappearing due to factors such as changes in environment, hunting, human encroachment on their environment or changes in climate
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-10-09T12:00:00+00:00
broader: nature

invasive species
type: Concept
definition: Non-native plants, animals or other organisms that cause harm to native species by outcompeting them, altering native habitats or disrupting ecosystems
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-10-09T12:00:00+00:00
broader: nature

animal
type: Concept
definition: All animals, including pets, wildlife, insects, and livestock
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-10-09T12:00:00+00:00
broader: nature
narrower: animal disease
narrower: pest and pest control

flowers and plants
type: Concept
definition: All plants, including flowers, trees, and shrubs
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-10-09T12:00:00+00:00
broader: nature
narrower: plant disease

cancer
type: Concept
definition: A serious and often fatal disease caused when normal cells mutate into tumours
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: disease and condition

communicable disease
type: Concept
definition: Diseases that can be transmitted from one person or animal to another
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: disease and condition
narrower: epidemic and pandemic
narrower: viral disease

heart disease
type: Concept
definition: Diseases and conditions affecting the heart such as heart attacks, the narrowing of arteries, arrhythmia or cardiomyopathy
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: disease and condition

illness
type: Concept
definition: Non-specific maladies such as stomach aches, headaches, flat feet, lumbago
change note: Retired. Use a more specific term or medtop:20000446 disease and condition instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: disease and condition

injury
type: Concept
definition: Harm caused to the human body by external forces such as falls, weapons or accidents
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: disease and condition

medical condition
type: Concept
definition: An abnormal condition that affects the structure and functioning of the body, such as chronic pain, high blood pressure or osteoporosis
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-07-01T12:00:00+00:00
broader: disease and condition
narrower: obesity

mental health and disorder
type: Concept
definition: The psychological well-being of an individual and the diseases and disorders that affect mood, thinking and behaviour as well as actions taken to bring improvement and awareness to these conditions
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: disease and condition
narrower: eating disorder
narrower: depression
narrower: anxiety and stress
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/07000000

poisoning
type: Concept
definition: When a substance in sufficient quantity adversely affects the body and its functions
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: disease and condition

developmental disorder
type: Concept
definition: Conditions due to an impairment in learning, language or behaviour areas, such as autism, Aspergers and dyslexia
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: disease and condition

epidemic and pandemic
type: Concept
definition: A disease that affects a large number of people within a community, population, region or that has spread to multiple countries or continents across the world
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: communicable disease
narrower: plague (disease)
narrower: pandemic
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/07002000

viral disease
type: Concept
definition: Diseases caused by an infection by viruses
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: communicable disease
narrower: HIV and AIDS
narrower: retrovirus

plague (disease)
type: Concept
definition: A highly infectious epidemic disease caused by the Yersinia pestis bacteria
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000449 epidemic and pandemic instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: epidemic and pandemic
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/07002000

pandemic
type: Concept
definition: An epidemic of infectious disease that has spread across a large region or even worldwide
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000449 epidemic and pandemic instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
retired: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: epidemic and pandemic

HIV and AIDS
type: Concept
definition: HIV, a virus that attacks the body's immune system, and AIDS the disease caused by HIV
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: viral disease

retrovirus
type: Concept
definition: A family of RNA viruses such as those causing leukaemia and AIDS
change note: Retired. Use a more specific term or medtop:20000446 disease and condition instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: viral disease

obesity
type: Concept
definition: A condition of body weight generally considered 20 percent above the norm for gender, age, height and bone structure
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: medical condition

eating disorder
type: Concept
definition: Anorexia, bulimia, overeating and similar illnesses
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: mental health and disorder

depression
type: Concept
definition: A mental health disorder characterised by persistently depressed mood and loss of interest in activities, causing significant impairment in daily life
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: mental health and disorder

anxiety and stress
type: Concept
definition: A mental health disorder characterised by feelings of worry, anxiousness or fear that are strong enough to interfere with one's daily activities
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: mental health and disorder

hospital
type: Concept
definition: Medical facilities for the treatment of illnesses and injury
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: health facility

healthcare clinic
type: Concept
definition: Local medical facility or doctor's office associated with a general medicine practice, staffed by one or many doctors, focusing on outpatient treatment or giving recommendations to visit a specialist or hospital
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: health facility

diet
type: Concept
definition: Ways of eating to benefit health or treat a condition, such as plant-based, low-salt, high-fibre or gluten-free
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: health treatment and procedure
narrower: dietary supplement

non-prescription drug
type: Concept
definition: Chemical substances used in the treatment or prevention of physical or mental condition or disease
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: health treatment and procedure
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/07000000

prescription drug
type: Concept
definition: Drugs that can be obtained only with a doctor's authorisation
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: health treatment and procedure

medical test
type: Concept
definition: Diagnostic procedure, such as stress test, blood test, CAT scan or MRI
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: health treatment and procedure

health care approach
type: Concept
definition: Different approaches to medical care that vary in the methods and substances used to treat symptoms
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: health treatment and procedure
narrower: herbal medicine
narrower: holistic medicine
narrower: traditional Chinese medicine
narrower: conventional medicine

physical fitness
type: Concept
definition: The measure of the body's ability to function efficiently and effectively during work and leisure activities.
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20001239 exercise and fitness instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: health treatment and procedure

preventative medicine
type: Concept
definition: Substances used to prevent diseases or illnesses
change note: Retired.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: health treatment and procedure

vaccine
type: Concept
definition: Medications designed to create immunity to diseases
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: health treatment and procedure

therapy
type: Concept
definition: Treatment of physical, mental or medical conditions by non-surgical means
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: health treatment and procedure

drug rehabilitation
type: Concept
definition: Medical or psychotherapeutic treatment for dependency on substances such as alcohol, prescription and controlled drugs
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: health treatment and procedure

emergency care
type: Concept
definition: Immediate care of patients with critical medical emergencies, either inside or outside of a hospital
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: health treatment and procedure

surgery
type: Concept
definition: The use of incisions made by medical instruments to investigate or treat a medical condition or injury
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: health treatment and procedure

dietary supplement
type: Concept
definition: Nutrients taken in addition to food to bolster health
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: diet

herbal medicine
type: Concept
definition: Treatment based on the use of herbs and other plants to cure or alleviate symptoms
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: health care approach

holistic medicine
type: Concept
definition: Treatment of the whole person including mental and environmental factors in addition to treating symptoms
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: health care approach

traditional Chinese medicine
type: Concept
definition: The practice of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disease based on traditional methods developed in Eastern Asia
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: health care approach

conventional medicine
type: Concept
definition: The practice of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disease based on modern scientific research
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: health care approach

healthcare policy
type: Concept
definition: Government programs and policies related to healthcare such as drug policies, psychiatric care, health care funding and pandemic response
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government policy

Medicaid
type: Concept
definition: A program of the U.S. government to provide health care to needy citizens of all ages
change note: This US-specific entity is not appropriate for Media Topics. The general concept of government-provided health care is covered by the parent.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2014-06-02T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government health care

Medicare
type: Concept
definition: A program of the U.S. government to provide health care to senior citizens
change note: This US-specific entity is not appropriate for Media Topics. The general concept of government-provided health care is covered by the parent.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2014-06-02T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government health care

medical service
type: Concept
definition: Medical support for doctors, including blood tests and other medical tests on individuals, X-rays, CAT scans, MRIs, etc
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: medical profession

medical specialisation
type: Concept
definition: The different medical specialist areas
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: medical profession
narrower: geriatric medicine
narrower: obstetrics/gynaecology
narrower: paediatrics
narrower: reproductive medicine
narrower: dentistry
narrower: pharmacology
narrower: veterinary medicine
narrower: general practice
narrower: orthopaedics
narrower: oncology
narrower: radiology
narrower: eye care
narrower: surgical medicine
narrower: psychiatry

medical staff
type: Concept
definition: Doctors, nurses, interns and others in a medical facility
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: medical profession

geriatric medicine
type: Concept
definition: Specialty focusing on ageing and age-related issues including age-related illnesses, medical research, and trends.
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20001232 elderly care instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: medical specialisation

obstetrics/gynaecology
type: Concept
definition: Specialty of female reproductive organs
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20001359 pregnancy and childbirth instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: medical specialisation

paediatrics
type: Concept
definition: Medical specialisation that focuses on treating the young, including premature babies, infant care, childhood diseases and teenage health and behaviour problems
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: medical specialisation

reproductive medicine
type: Concept
definition: Speciality of reproductive technologies like invitro fertilisation
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000784 family planning instead if relevant.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: medical specialisation
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/07014003

dentistry
type: Concept
definition: The medical profession and field of study devoted to diagnosing, preventing and treating oral conditions
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: medical specialisation
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/13019000

pharmacology
type: Concept
definition: The medical profession and field of study concerned with the uses, modes of action and effects of pharmaceutical agents
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000468 prescription drugs instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: medical specialisation
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/13019000

veterinary medicine
type: Concept
definition: The medical profession and field of study devoted to diagnosis, prevention and treatment of medical conditions in animals
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: medical specialisation
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/13019000

general practice
type: Concept
definition: The treatment of a wide range of acute and long-term medical conditions and symptoms
change note: Retired. Use general health terms instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
retired: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: medical specialisation

orthopaedics
type: Concept
definition: A medical specialisation that focuses on conditions involving the musculoskeletal system
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000456 injury instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
retired: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: medical specialisation

oncology
type: Concept
definition: A medical specialisation that focuses on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000447 cancer instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
retired: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: medical specialisation

radiology
type: Concept
definition: A medical specialisation that focuses on the use of medical imaging (such as x-rays) and radiation to diagnose and sometimes also treat diseases within the body
change note: Retired.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
retired: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: medical specialisation

eye care
type: Concept
definition: The medical profession and field of study devoted to diagnosing, preventing and treating eye conditions
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: medical specialisation

surgical medicine
type: Concept
definition: A medical specialisation that focuses on the treatment of injuries or disorders of the body by incision or manipulation, especially with instruments
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20001228 surgery instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
retired: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: medical specialisation

psychiatry
type: Concept
definition: A medical specialisation that focuses on the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of mental disorders
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000458 mental health instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
retired: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: medical specialisation

animal disease
type: Concept
definition: Diseases that affect animals on a wide scale, including zoonotic diseases such as avian influenza
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-10-09T12:00:00+00:00
broader: animal

plant disease
type: Concept
definition: Disorders affecting plants caused by factors such as parasites, fungi, bacteria, physical injuries or environmental factors
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-10-09T12:00:00+00:00
broader: flowers and plants

pest and pest control
type: Concept
definition: Animals or insects that invade a human space causing destruction or unsanitary conditions and the methods for controlling or eradicating them
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-10-09T12:00:00+00:00
broader: animal

name ceremony
type: Concept
definition: Event at which an infant, youth, or adult is given a name
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-06-26T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: ceremony

graduation
type: Concept
definition: A ceremony, also known as commencement, at which a person receives a diploma or academic degree
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-06-26T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: ceremony

funeral and memorial service
type: Concept
definition: A ceremony to memorialise a deceased person
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-06-26T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: ceremony

wedding
type: Concept
definition: Marriage ceremony and the events and parties surrounding it, such as wedding receptions, engagement parties, bridal showers and hen or stag parties
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-06-26T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: ceremony

royalty
type: Concept
definition: Imperial and royal family members in their societal rather than governmental roles
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: high society

apprenticeship
type: Concept
definition: A period of work used to learn a skill or trade
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: employment

child labour
type: Concept
definition: The employment of children
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: employment

employee
type: Concept
definition: Those who are paid or otherwise compensated for providing services to employers
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: employment

employer
type: Concept
definition: People and organisations that pay employees to provide services
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: employment

employment training
type: Concept
definition: Learning new skills as part of an existing job, such as developing specialisations, learning new techniques or retraining when an employee's skills are no longer relevant
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: employment
narrower: advanced training
narrower: retraining
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/09003000

occupations
type: Concept
definition: Generally one's trade, profession or business although professions are usually such things as lawyers and doctors, and occupations are such as clerks or truckers
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2019-10-07T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: employment

wages and benefits
type: Concept
definition: Money, or other items of value such as pension contributions and health insurance, paid to employees as compensation for their work
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: employment
narrower: employee benefits
narrower: social security
narrower: profit sharing
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/09011001

self-employment
type: Concept
definition: A situation in which an individual works for themselves as a freelancer or business owner instead of working for an employer that pays a salary or a wage
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: employment

parental leave
type: Concept
definition: Time off work to give birth or care for a child
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-10-07T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: employment

volunteering
type: Concept
definition: Unpaid work undertaken freely by individuals as a service to others
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-10-07T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: employment

advanced training
type: Concept
definition: Additional training to enhance current skills
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2019-10-07T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: employment training

retraining
type: Concept
definition: Providing a worker training in new skills when his old skills are no longer applicable
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2019-10-07T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: employment training

employee benefits
type: Concept
definition: Benefits provided to an employee by a company, such as pension contributions, health insurance.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2019-10-07T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: wages and benefits

social security
type: Concept
definition: a government system that provides monetary assistance to people with inadequate or no incomes, such as retirees, disabled people or carers
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: wages and benefits

profit sharing
type: Concept
definition: A system by which employees are paid a share of the net profits of their employer. These earnings are distinct from and additional to regular wages.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2023-10-02T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-10-02T12:00:00+00:00
broader: wages and benefits

workplace health and safety
type: Concept
definition: Laws protecting a safe and healthy work environment
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: employment legislation

gig economy
type: Concept
definition: a labour market consisting of individual suppliers on short-term contracts or freelance work as opposed to permanent jobs, such as drivers or delivery workers
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-10-07T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: labour market

collective agreements
type: Concept
definition: Negotiated guidelines for relationships between groups of employees and employers, including issues such as working hours, wages, health care, pensions and other benefits
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: labour relations
narrower: contract issue-healthcare
narrower: contract issue-wages
narrower: contract issue-work rules

labour dispute
type: Concept
definition: Disagreements between employers and employees regarding work conditions, pay or other issues
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: labour relations
narrower: labour strike

contract issue-healthcare
type: Concept
definition: Element of contracts and contract discussions centring on health care issues
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2019-10-07T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: collective agreements

contract issue-wages
type: Concept
definition: Element of contracts and contract discussions centring on remuneration
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2019-10-07T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: collective agreements

contract issue-work rules
type: Concept
definition: Element of contracts and contract discussions centring on rules affecting issues such as lunch and other breaks, work shifts, vacation scheduling, seniority, sick leave etc.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2019-10-07T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: collective agreements

labour strike
type: Concept
definition: Groups of employees agreeing to cease work activities with the aim of achieving better pay or work conditions
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: labour dispute

pension
type: Concept
definition: Payments, either government or private, to retired people
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: retirement
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/09006000

job layoffs
type: Concept
definition: The reduction of a company's work force through dismissal because of changing economic factors
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2019-10-07T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: unemployment

unemployment benefits
type: Concept
definition: Monetary compensation paid to the jobless
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: unemployment
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/09009000

club and association
type: Concept
definition: Organisations joined by individuals because of similar interests
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: leisure

game
type: Concept
definition: Contests generally for one's amusement
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: leisure
narrower: board game
narrower: card game
narrower: children's game
narrower: dice game
narrower: outdoor game
narrower: puzzle
narrower: tile game
narrower: video game

gaming and lottery
type: Concept
definition: Gambling, often involving selection of sets of numbers one expects to come up
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: leisure

hobby
type: Concept
definition: Recreational pursuit
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: leisure
narrower: automobile enthusiasm
narrower: bicycle enthusiasm
narrower: food and drink enthusiasm
narrower: motorcycle enthusiasm
narrower: collecting

holiday
type: Concept
definition: Time spent not at work for rest and relaxation
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: leisure
narrower: public holiday
narrower: Halloween
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/10005000

leisure venue
type: Concept
definition: A place where people go to be entertained or amused. For sporting events, use sport venue.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: leisure
narrower: amusement park
narrower: bar
narrower: cafe
narrower: nightclub
narrower: restaurant
narrower: sports facilities
narrower: zoo
narrower: park and playground
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/10000000

outdoor recreational activities
type: Concept
definition: Leisure activities engaged in the outdoors, most commonly in natural settings
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: leisure
narrower: fishing
narrower: hunting
narrower: scuba diving
narrower: recreational hiking and climbing
narrower: horseback riding
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/10000000

travel and tourism
type: Concept
definition: Spending time away from home in pursuit of recreation, relaxation or pleasure
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: leisure
narrower: tourism
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/10000000

board game
type: Concept
definition: A game played on a board
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: game
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/10001000

card game
type: Concept
definition: A game played with a pack of cards
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: game
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/10001000

children's game
type: Concept
definition: A game designed for and most often played by children
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-04-09T12:00:00+00:00
broader: game
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/10001000

dice game
type: Concept
definition: A game played using dice only
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: game
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/10001000

outdoor game
type: Concept
definition: A game played in an open space
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: game
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/10001000

puzzle
type: Concept
definition: A game played solving logic problems for entertainment
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: game
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/10001000

tile game
type: Concept
definition: A game played using tiles
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: game
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/10001000

video game
type: Concept
definition: A game played using a video display
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: game
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/10001000

automobile enthusiasm
type: Concept
definition: Interest in new and classic cars
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: hobby
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/10000000

bicycle enthusiasm
type: Concept
definition: Interest in new and classic manpowered cycles
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: hobby
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/10000000

food and drink enthusiasm
type: Concept
definition: Interest in eating and drinking
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: hobby
narrower: cooking and baking
narrower: beer, wine and spirits
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/10000000

motorcycle enthusiasm
type: Concept
definition: Interest in new and classic motor-powered cycles
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: hobby
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/10000000

collecting
type: Concept
definition: The hobby of seeking, locating, acquiring, organising, cataloguing, displaying, storing or maintaining items that are of interest to an individual collector
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-07-30T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: hobby

public holiday
type: Concept
definition: A day of celebration declared by a government
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: holiday
narrower: Midsummer
narrower: National day
narrower: New year

Halloween
type: Concept
definition: A celebration observed in a number of countries on 31 October with activities including trick-or-treating, wearing costumes, carving pumpkins, visiting haunted attractions, telling scary stories and watching horror films
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-09-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: holiday

Midsummer
type: Concept
definition: Northern European celebrations that accompany the Summer solstice
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-09-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: public holiday

National day
type: Concept
definition: A designated day to celebrate a nation
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-09-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: public holiday

New year
type: Concept
definition: The celebration of the end of one calendar year and the start of next
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-09-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: public holiday

amusement park
type: Concept
definition: A park providing various rides and entertainment attractions for both adults and children, including theme parks
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: leisure venue
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/10000000

bar
type: Concept
definition: A business where drinks are prepared and served to the public for consumption on the premises
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: leisure venue
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/10000000

cafe
type: Concept
definition: A small business where drinks and snacks are prepared and served - its specifics may depend on the local culture
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: leisure venue
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/10000000

nightclub
type: Concept
definition: A commercial establishment providing music, or other entertainment along with food and drink to selected clientele
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: leisure venue

restaurant
type: Concept
definition: A business where meals are prepared and served to the public
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: leisure venue
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/10000000

sports facilities
type: Concept
definition: Gymnasiums, stadiums or arenas where sports events take place
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: leisure venue
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/10000000

zoo
type: Concept
definition: A park where visitors can see both wild and tame animals that are kept in cages or enclosed areas
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: leisure venue

park and playground
type: Concept
definition: A public green area in a town or city used for recreation
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2025-06-30T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-06-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: leisure venue

fishing
type: Concept
definition: A recreational activity involving the use of baits, lures, weapons and traps for the capture of aquatic species.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: outdoor recreational activities

hunting
type: Concept
definition: An activity involving the use of weapons or traps for the capturing of animals
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: outdoor recreational activities

scuba diving
type: Concept
definition: Underwater diving with the use of a self-contained underwater breathing apparatus
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: outdoor recreational activities

recreational hiking and climbing
type: Concept
definition: Sportive activities in the mountains including climbing and hiking
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2012-10-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-10-02T12:00:00+00:00
broader: outdoor recreational activities

horseback riding
type: Concept
definition: The riding of horses for leisure or light exercise.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-06-26T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: outdoor recreational activities

tourism
type: Concept
definition: Leisure travel involving visits to a number of locations and/or countries over an extended period of time, often as part of an organised group
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2019-07-22T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: travel and tourism

organic food
type: Concept
definition: Food which is grown using no artificial fertilisers or chemical compounds
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: lifestyle

house and home
type: Concept
definition: Interest in maintaining and decorating one's home
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: lifestyle
narrower: home renovation
narrower: interior decoration
narrower: gardening
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/10000000

trend
type: Concept
definition: Interest in what is considered hip or popular at a certain point in time
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: lifestyle
narrower: body modification
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/10000000

party
type: Concept
definition: A social gathering of invited guests, often involving eating, drinking, dancing or the playing of games
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2012-10-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: lifestyle

vegetarianism and veganism
type: Concept
definition: The avoidance of meat and other animal products for moral, dietary or religious reasons and the plant-based products that adhere to this principle
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2025-06-30T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-06-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: lifestyle

cooking and baking
type: Concept
definition: Interest in preparing meals or baked goods
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-07-30T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: food and drink enthusiasm

beer, wine and spirits
type: Concept
definition: Interest in the consumption, production and collection of alcoholic beverages
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-07-30T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: food and drink enthusiasm

home renovation
type: Concept
definition: Interest in renovating one's property
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-07-30T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: house and home

interior decoration
type: Concept
definition: Interest in decorating one's home
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-07-30T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: house and home

gardening
type: Concept
definition: Interest in working in one's garden
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-07-30T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: house and home

body modification
type: Concept
definition: Actions taken to permanently or semi-permanently change body appearance, such as piercing and tattooing
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-07-30T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: trend
narrower: tattooing
narrower: piercing

citizens' initiative and recall
type: Concept
definition: Political suggestions by non-government officials for corrective action, or for changes in existing rules and regulations
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: election

voting system
type: Concept
definition: The set of rules that determine how elections are conducted and how their results are determined, including discussions of the electoral college, ranked choice voting or the allocation of governmental seats
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-09-26T12:00:00+00:00
broader: election
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11000000

intergovernmental elections
type: Concept
definition: Choosing individuals for the leadership of an international organisation, such as the United Nations, European Union, NATO and World Bank
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: election
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11000000

local elections
type: Concept
definition: Choosing individuals for government at the city, village or county level
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: election

national elections
type: Concept
definition: Choosing individuals for government at a national level
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: election

political campaigns
type: Concept
definition: Campaigns for public office
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2024-09-26T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-09-26T12:00:00+00:00
broader: election

campaign finance
type: Concept
definition: The money that makes campaigns for public office possible
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: election

political candidates
type: Concept
definition: Individuals who are chosen to stand for office
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: election

primary elections
type: Concept
definition: Preliminary elections or caucuses to choose candidates to represent a political party in a regional or national election
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: election

referendum
type: Concept
definition: Political proposals, laws and actions to be voted on by the entire voting body, including ballot measures and citizens' initiatives
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-09-26T12:00:00+00:00
broader: election

regional elections
type: Concept
definition: Choosing individuals for government at a regional, state or province level
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: election

voting
type: Concept
definition: The act of casting a ballot for a candidate, a party or an initiative in a political election, including voting machines, voting by mail or voter turnout
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: election

church elections
type: Concept
definition: Elections to choose leaders to run church organisations at various levels
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000703 religious leader instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-09-05T12:00:00+00:00
retired: 2024-09-26T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-09-26T12:00:00+00:00
broader: election

political debates
type: Concept
definition: Organised debates between political candidates during their election campaign
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-09-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: election

by-election
type: Concept
definition: An election used to fill an office that has become vacant between general elections because of the death of a politician, a resignation or other reason
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2024-09-26T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-09-26T12:00:00+00:00
broader: election

recall election
type: Concept
definition: A special election to vote to remove an elected official from office before that official's term has ended
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2024-09-26T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-09-26T12:00:00+00:00
broader: election

coalition building
type: Concept
definition: Political parties entering a power-sharing arrangement usually occurring when no single party has achieved an absolute majority after an election
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2024-09-26T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-09-26T12:00:00+00:00
broader: election

censorship and freedom of speech
type: Concept
definition: The right to express opinions without restraint and attempts to supress speech by an organisation or individual
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: fundamental rights

freedom of religion
type: Concept
definition: The right to practice the religion of one's choosing and efforts to violate this right through the intimidation of believers or laws that encroach on religious rituals
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: fundamental rights

freedom of the press
type: Concept
definition: The right of the press to report on stories freely and efforts by governments, organizations or individuals to suppress, jail or kill journalists who are reporting the news
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: fundamental rights

human rights
type: Concept
definition: Rights entitled to be enjoyed by all people universally
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: fundamental rights

privacy
type: Concept
definition: The right of an individual or group to keep information about themselves private
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2020-08-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: fundamental rights

women's rights
type: Concept
definition: The rights of women to be treated equally as men, such as pay parity, feminism and bodily autonomy around abortion
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: fundamental rights

civil and public service
type: Concept
definition: The paid service by civilians for the government, and the often non-paid service of individuals for the benefit of others (public service)
change note: 2025-03-31: Retired. Use government employee (medtop:20000595) instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government
narrower: civilian service

government employee
type: Concept
definition: Individuals employed by a government at all levels
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government

public officials
type: Concept
definition: Individuals who are elected or appointed to positions in the government
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government

constitution (law)
type: Concept
definition: A basic framework that stands above all laws and regulations, specifying how a particular political entity is governed
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government

national security
type: Concept
definition: The protection of a political entity
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government
narrower: armed forces
narrower: military equipment
narrower: military weaponry and equipment
narrower: security measures (defence)
narrower: espionage and intelligence

executive (government)
type: Concept
definition: Branch of government that is responsible for implementing the laws passed by the legislative branch, sometimes led by a prime minister or president
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government

government budget
type: Concept
definition: The proposed expenses and revenues approved by the legislature.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government
narrower: public finance
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11013000

government department
type: Concept
definition: Divisions of a government that concentrate on specific areas such as health, welfare, economy or war
change note: 2025-03-31: Retired. Use more specific terms or government (medtop:20000593) instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government

head of state
type: Concept
definition: Symbolic or actual chief representative of a nation, such as a monarch, president or emir
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government

impeachment
type: Concept
definition: The process of bringing a public official before a tribunal to answer charges of wrongdoing
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government

local authority
type: Concept
definition: Authorities at borough, city or county level
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government

minister or secretary (government)
type: Concept
definition: Senior government official, either elected or appointed, who heads a government department or leads an initiative
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government

national government
type: Concept
definition: The ruling body of a nation
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government

legislative body
type: Concept
definition: A legislature of elected officials representing the people that has the authority to make laws
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government
narrower: lower house (legislature)
narrower: upper house (legislature)

regional authority
type: Concept
definition: Authorities at a level above the local and below the national, such as a state or province
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government

lobbying
type: Concept
definition: Advocacy to influence legislators or government officials
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government

political parties and movements
type: Concept
definition: Covers both formally recognised and informal political associations
change note: Retired. Use political party (medtop:20001384) or political movement and association (medtop:20001385) instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government

political development
type: Concept
definition: The creation and rise of political systems and the history of the people and nations that are associated with those systems.
change note: Retired. Use medtop:11000000 politics instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government

political system
type: Concept
definition: The form of government that is observed, recognised or otherwise declared by a society or state
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government
narrower: democracy
narrower: dictatorship
narrower: communism
narrower: democratic socialism
narrower: theocracy
narrower: absolute monarchy

regulatory authority
type: Concept
definition: Authority responsible for the regulation or supervision of a business sector.
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000636 regulation of industry instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2016-04-04T12:00:00+00:00
retired: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government

political party convention
type: Concept
definition: Meeting of political party to nominate a candidate, choose a party leader or set policy
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-09-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government

political committee
type: Concept
definition: A legislative sub-group that focuses on a specific area or action
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-09-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government

head of government
type: Concept
definition: The highest official in the executive branch of a political entity
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-09-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government

public inquiry
type: Concept
definition: An official review of events or actions ordered by a government body, including royal commissions
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-09-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government

political leadership
type: Concept
definition: Positions of leadership within political parties and discussion around whether leadership changes need to be made
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government

political party
type: Concept
definition: Organisation that coordinates candidates to run to represent that party in an election
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government

political movement and association
type: Concept
definition: A collective of people with the aim to change government policy or social values in opposition to the status quo
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government

civilian service
type: Concept
definition: Unpaid service for the community as civilian
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20001277 volunteering instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2012-10-04T12:00:00+00:00
retired: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: civil and public service

armed forces
type: Concept
definition: The organizations and individuals that serve as part of the military of a political entity
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: national security
narrower: veterans' affairs
narrower: military service

military equipment
type: Concept
definition: Equipment issued to members of the armed forces
change note: 2025-03-31: Retired. Use military weaponry and equipment (medtop:20000602) instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: national security

military weaponry and equipment
type: Concept
definition: The equipment and weapons used by armed forces and the trade of armaments between political entities
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: national security

security measures (defence)
type: Concept
definition: Means of making a nation, a state, a building or a person secure from harm and outside interference.
change note: 2025-03-31: Retired. Use national security (medtop:20000598) instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: national security
narrower: national security

espionage and intelligence
type: Concept
definition: Covert collection of information
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: national security

veterans' affairs
type: Concept
definition: Care and provision for those who served in the military
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: armed forces

military service
type: Concept
definition: Service by an individual in an army or militia. Service may be on a volunteer basis or a result of an involuntary draft or government requirement.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2012-10-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: armed forces

national security
type: Concept
definition: The philosophy of securing a nation and its borders, as well as the well-being of its citizens
change note: 2025-03-31: Retired. Use national security (medtop:20000598) instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: security measures (defence)

public finance
type: Concept
definition: The money of government used for paying for public programmes and services and public debt
change note: 2025-03-31: Retired. Use government budget (medtop:20000607) or government debt (medtop:20000368) instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government budget

lower house (legislature)
type: Concept
definition: Lower chamber of a legislative body, such as the US House of Representatives or UK House of Commons
editorial note: Note to translators: the examples in the English definition should be converted to relevant examples in countries which speak the target language.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: legislative body

upper house (legislature)
type: Concept
definition: Senior chamber of a legislative body, such as the US Senate or UK House of Lords
editorial note: Note to translators: the examples in the English definition should be converted to relevant examples in countries which speak the target language.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: legislative body

safety of citizens
type: Concept
definition: Government policies to protect the well-being of its citizens
change note: Retired. Use other terms such as public health (medtop:20001358) or emergency response (medtop:20000168) instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government policy

taxation policy
type: Concept
definition: Government programmes and policies around the taxation of citizens and entities
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government policy
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11013000

interior policy
type: Concept
definition: Government policies affecting internal affairs
change note: Retired. Use more specific terms instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government policy

data protection policy
type: Concept
definition: Efforts to protect personal information in written, oral or electronic form and regulations around what personal information can be collected by the government or other entities
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government policy

housing and urban planning policy
type: Concept
definition: Systematic planning of urban and suburban areas and the housing within those areas
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government policy

policy towards indigenous people
type: Concept
definition: Government progams and policies toward indigenous peoples, such as land allocation, rights protection and financial support
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government policy

pension and welfare policy
type: Concept
definition: Government policies supporting citizens financially through programs such as unemployment payments, pensions and financial support for the poor
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government policy

personal data collection policy
type: Concept
definition: The collection, by government or other entities of information on individuals
change note: Retired. Use data protection policy (medtop:20000627) instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government policy

personal weapon control policy
type: Concept
definition: Government policies and regulations around the personal ownership of firearms and other weapons
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government policy

planning inquiries
type: Concept
definition: Public hearings or planning inquiries on proposed constructions, e.g. Construction of water driven power station in a National Park.
change note: Retired. Use zoning policy (medtop:20001383), environmental policy (medtop:20000423) or other more specific terms instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government policy

immigration policy
type: Concept
definition: Policies around immigration into a country such as who may immigrate to a country, how many people are allowed in each year, deportation of illegal immigrants and integration programmes that help new immigrants assimilate to a country's culture
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government policy

nuclear policy
type: Concept
definition: Government policies around the production of use of nuclear power and weapons
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government policy

regulation of industry
type: Concept
definition: Government regulation dictating how companies operate
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government policy
narrower: food and drink regulations

cultural policy
type: Concept
definition: Government policies related to the promotion and support of the arts
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2012-10-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government policy

integration policy
type: Concept
definition: Improving the co-existence of groups of the society
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000634 immigration policy instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2012-10-04T12:00:00+00:00
retired: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government policy

sports policies
type: Concept
definition: Government policies regulating sports, including sports betting, performance enhancing drug laws and the promition of sports to children for health purposes
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2012-10-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government policy

regional development policy
type: Concept
definition: Government or private policies, such as business incentives, aimed at the development of a region
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2016-04-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government policy

infrastructure policy
type: Concept
definition: Policies regarding the development and maintenance of the fundamental facilities of a country, city or other area, such as communication, transportation and distribution networks
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-09-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government policy

local government policy
type: Concept
definition: Policies for the development and maintenance of a local government area
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-09-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government policy

education policy
type: Concept
definition: Government programmes and policies related to education, such as the funding of schools and standardised testing
change note: Moved from medtop:05000000 to medtop:20000621
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government policy

zoning policy
type: Concept
definition: Polices around the division of land into zones, each of which has a set of regulations for new development
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: government policy

food and drink regulations
type: Concept
definition: Government policies relating to the production and selling of food and drink, including ensuring food safety
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: regulation of industry
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11022000

diplomacy
type: Concept
definition: Negotiations between representatives of nations or groups of nations and the diplomats who are involved in the talks
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: international relations
narrower: summit meeting
narrower: treaty

economic sanction
type: Concept
definition: Economic measures taken by one country or intergovernmental agency against another such as trade restrictions and embargoes
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: international relations

foreign aid
type: Concept
definition: Support from one nation to another for purposes such as disaster, general economic development or diplomacy
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: international relations

international organisation
type: Concept
definition: Organisation with members and functions that cross international borders
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: international relations

refugees and internally displaced people
type: Concept
definition: People seeking shelter or asylum in another region because of some fear of persecution, conflict, or natural disaster in their own region
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: international relations

border dispute
type: Concept
definition: Diplomatic issues between two countries regarding territorial borders
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: international relations

summit meeting
type: Concept
definition: Meetings between high-level government officials or heads of state for the purpose of diplomatic negotiations to ease international tensions or to discuss common goals
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: diplomacy

treaty
type: Concept
definition: A written agreement between international entities that is binding under international law
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: diplomacy

democracy
type: Concept
definition: Form of government in which the people hold the power, either directly or through elected officials
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: political system

dictatorship
type: Concept
definition: Form of government in which a single individual or a small group of individuals hold power without the consent of the people
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: political system
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11006000

communism
type: Concept
definition: Form of government that aims to replace private property and a profit-based economy with public ownership and communal control of the means of production and the natural resources within in society
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: political system

democratic socialism
type: Concept
definition: Form of government that consists of a socialist economy in which the means of production are socially and collectively owned or controlled alongside a democratic political system of government with officials elected to office by citizens
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: political system

theocracy
type: Concept
definition: Form of government in which authority comes from a religion and the leaders are thought to be divinely guided
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: political system

absolute monarchy
type: Concept
definition: Form of government in which a person, who is part of a hereditary line, reigns as head of state for life or until abdication
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: political system

Buddhism
type: Concept
definition: An Asian religion founded in the 6th century BC in India based on the teachings of the Buddha with the goal of overcoming suffering and transcending desire and the individual self to achieve nirvana
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: belief systems

Christianity
type: Concept
definition: Religions that follow the teachings of Jesus Christ and the Bible
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: belief systems
narrower: ecumenism
narrower: Mormonism
narrower: Old Catholic
narrower: Christian Orthodoxy
narrower: Protestantism
narrower: Roman Catholic
narrower: Catholicism

Confucianism
type: Concept
definition: A system of thought and behaviour originating in ancient China and based on the teachings of the philosopher Confucius
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: belief systems

cult
type: Concept
definition: A group that consists of followers who are fully devoted to a charismatic leader. Members are sometimes exploited financially or subject to emotional or physical harm
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: belief systems

Freemasonry
type: Concept
definition: A secret international society based on the principles of brotherhood, charity and mutual aid
change note: Retired in December 2021
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: belief systems

Hinduism
type: Concept
definition: A religion and social system originating in India that includes a caste system, a belief in reincarnation and the worship of multiple deities
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: belief systems

Islam
type: Concept
definition: Monotheistic religion that considers Muhammad as a prophet and the Qur'an as holy scripture
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: belief systems
narrower: Shia Islam
narrower: Sunni Islam

Jainism
type: Concept
definition: A religion beginning in the 7th-5th century BC in India that teaches a path to spiritual purity and enlightenment through a disciplined mode of life founded upon the tradition of ahimsa, nonviolence to all living creatures
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: belief systems

Judaism
type: Concept
definition: A monotheistic religion and culture that follows the teachings of the Torah
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: belief systems
narrower: Hasidism

nature religion
type: Concept
definition: Religions that believe nature and the natural world is an embodiment of divinity, sacredness or spiritual power, including indigenous religions practiced in various parts of the world, and modern Pagan faiths, such as Wicca
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: belief systems

Zoroastrianism
type: Concept
definition: A religion originating in ancient Iran following the teachings of the prophet Zoroaster, predicting the triumph of good over evil and exalting the benevolent deity of wisdom, Ahura Mazda (Wise Lord), as its supreme being
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: belief systems

Scientology
type: Concept
definition: A set of beliefs and practices invented by American science fiction author L. Ron Hubbard asserting that a human is an immortal, spiritual being (Thetan) that is resident in a physical body
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: belief systems

Shintoism
type: Concept
definition: An indigenous Japanese polytheistic religion that revolves around kami, supernatural entities believed to inhabit all things
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: belief systems

Sikhism
type: Concept
definition: An Indian Dharmic religion that originated at the end of the 15th century CE in the Punjab region, developed from the spiritual teachings of Guru Nanak
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: belief systems

Taoism
type: Concept
definition: A philosophical and spiritual tradition originating in the 4th century BCE in China which emphasizes living in harmony with the Tao, the source, pattern and substance of everything that exists
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: belief systems

Unificationism
type: Concept
definition: A religion founded in 1954 in South Korea following the teachings of Rev. Syn Myung Moon and known for its mass wedding ceremonies
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: belief systems

atheism and agnosticism
type: Concept
definition: The belief that god does not exist or that it is impossible to know whether a god exists
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: belief systems

ecumenism
type: Concept
definition: Relations between Christian churches
change note: Retired in December 2021. Use Christianity (medtop:20000659) instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: Christianity

Mormonism
type: Concept
definition: Christian religion founded in New York State in the 1820s that follows the teachings of Joseph Smith and the *Book of Mormon*
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: Christianity

Old Catholic
type: Concept
definition: Members of a catholic church which started in 1870 and denies the dogma of the infallibility of the pope
change note: Retired in December 2021. Use Catholicism (medtop:20001344) instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: Christianity

Christian Orthodoxy
type: Concept
definition: Eastern rite churches which are characterised by their continuity with the apostolic church, their liturgy and their territorial churches, mainly in eastern and south-eastern Europe and the Middle East
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: Christianity

Protestantism
type: Concept
definition: Christian denominations that were formed through the 16th century Reformation movement
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: Christianity
narrower: Anglican
narrower: Baptist
narrower: Lutheran
narrower: Mennonite
narrower: Methodist
narrower: Reformed

Roman Catholic
type: Concept
definition: Biggest Christian church worldwide tracing its origins back to Jesus Christ
change note: Retired in December 2021. Use Catholicism (medtop:20001344) instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: Christianity
narrower: concordat

Catholicism
type: Concept
definition: Largest Christian religion in the world encompassing the Roman Catholic Church which is led by the pope, and Old Catholicism, a breakaway movement founded in 1870 that denies the dogma of infallibility of the pope
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: Christianity

Anglican
type: Concept
definition: Members of the worldwide Anglican communion which started in the 16th century in England as a breakaway church from the roman catholic church
change note: Retired in December 2021. Use Protestantism (medtop:20000664) instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: Protestantism

Baptist
type: Concept
definition: Members of a Christian church which only baptises adults who truly believe in Christ
change note: Retired in December 2021. Use Protestantism (medtop:20000664) instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: Protestantism

Lutheran
type: Concept
definition: Christians who follow the teaching of reformer Martin Luther
change note: Retired in December 2021. Use Protestantism (medtop:20000664) instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: Protestantism

Mennonite
type: Concept
definition: Members of a 16th century Christian church which is against military service and baptising infants
change note: Retired in December 2021. Use Protestantism (medtop:20000664) instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: Protestantism

Methodist
type: Concept
definition: Followers of John and Charles Wesley who tried to reform the Church of England in the 18th century and turned into a separate church
change note: Retired in December 2021. Use Protestantism (medtop:20000664) instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: Protestantism

Reformed
type: Concept
definition: Christians who follow the teaching of reformers Johannes Calvin and Ulrich Zwingli
change note: Retired in December 2021. Use Protestantism (medtop:20000664) instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: Protestantism

concordat
type: Concept
definition: Treaty between the Holy See and another country for the regulation of ecclesiastical affairs in the territory of the latter
change note: Retired in December 2021. Use Catholicism (medtop:20001344) instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: Roman Catholic

Shia Islam
type: Concept
definition: The second largest branch of Islam believing that the Prophet Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib as his successor
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: Islam

Sunni Islam
type: Concept
definition: The largest branch of Islam believing that the Prophet Muhammad did not designate a successor
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: Islam

Hasidism
type: Concept
definition: Jewish religious group that believes that the Torah is the literal word of God and that carrying out this word is what gives meaning and purpose to life
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: Judaism

Christmas
type: Concept
definition: Christian holiday that celebrates the birth of Jesus Christ. Is also celebrated by many as a secular holiday.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: religious festival and holiday

Easter
type: Concept
definition: Christian festival commemorating the resurrection of Jesus Christ. Is also celebrated by many as a secular holiday.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: religious festival and holiday

Pentecost
type: Concept
definition: Christian festival, celebrated on the 50th day after Easter commemorating the descent of the Holy Spirit, also known as Whitsun
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: religious festival and holiday

Ramadan
type: Concept
definition: Holy month of fasting in Islam concluding in Eid al-Fitr
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: religious festival and holiday

Yom Kippur
type: Concept
definition: Most solemn of Jewish religious holidays, observed on the 10th day of the lunar month of tishri by fasting and prayer from sunset to sundown the following day
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: religious festival and holiday

All Saints Day
type: Concept
definition: Christian festival celebrated in honour of all the saints, known and unknown. Holiday is also known as All Hallows' Day, Hallowmas, Feast of All Saints or Solemnity of All Saints.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-09-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: religious festival and holiday

Walpurgis night
type: Concept
definition: The eve of the Christian feast day of Saint Walpurga, an 8th-century abbess in Francia, celebrated on the night of 30 April and the day of 1 May
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-09-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: religious festival and holiday

Eid al-Adha
type: Concept
definition: Muslim festival marking the culmination of the annual hajj pilgrimage and commemorating the willingness of the Prophet Ibrahim to sacrifice his son
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: religious festival and holiday

Hanukkah
type: Concept
definition: Jewish festival, sometimes spelled Chanukah, observed by lighting the candles of a menorah
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: religious festival and holiday

baptism
type: Concept
definition: A Christian religious rite, sometimes also called a Christening, involving the sprinkling of holy water onto a person's forehead or immersing them in water, symbolising purification and admission to the Church
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-09-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: religious ritual

bar and bat mitzvah
type: Concept
definition: Young person becoming an adult in the Jewish faith
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: religious ritual

canonisation
type: Concept
definition: The declaration of a deceased person as an officially recognised saint
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: religious ritual

church
type: Concept
definition: A building used as a place of worship for the Christian religion
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: religious facility
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/12000000

mosque
type: Concept
definition: A building used as a place of worship for the Islamic religion
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: religious facility
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/12000000

synagogue
type: Concept
definition: A building used as a place of worship for the Jewish religion
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: religious facility
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/12000000

temple
type: Concept
definition: Generally an edifice identifiable as a place of worship
change note: Retired in December 2021. Use religious facility (medtop:20000697) instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: religious facility
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/12000000

pope
type: Concept
definition: Head of the Roman Catholic Church worldwide
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: religious leader

Bible
type: Concept
definition: Holy book of Christianity
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: religious text

Qur'an
type: Concept
definition: Holy book of Islam
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: religious text

Torah
type: Concept
definition: Holy book of Judaism
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: religious text

biotechnology
type: Concept
definition: The scientific manipulation of living organisms and biological processes for scientific, medical or agricultural purposes
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: biomedical science

mechanical engineering
type: Concept
definition: The study and application of the design, construction and operation of mechanical systems
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: technology and engineering
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/13002000

astronomy
type: Concept
definition: The study of celestial objects through direct observation and theoretical models
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: natural science

biology
type: Concept
definition: The study of the anatomy, behaviour, origin, physiology and other aspects of living organisms
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: natural science
narrower: botany
narrower: genetics
narrower: palaeontology
narrower: physiology
narrower: zoology

chemistry
type: Concept
definition: The study of the composition and properties of matter on the scale of atoms and molecules, and of the reactions between compounds
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: natural science

cosmology
type: Concept
definition: The study of the origin, evolution, organisation and structure of the universe
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: natural science

geology
type: Concept
definition: The study of Earth's physical processes, material structures and its properties
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: natural science

horticulture
type: Concept
definition: The study and art of plant cultivation, including landscape and garden design and plant conservation
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: natural science
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/13004000

marine science
type: Concept
definition: The study of living organisms and environments in saltwater ecosystems
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: natural science

meteorology
type: Concept
definition: The study of atmospheric chemistry and physics, with a focus on weather forecasting
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: natural science

physics
type: Concept
definition: The study of the movement and structure of matter, and how it relates to energy
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: natural science
narrower: electromagnetism
narrower: nuclear physics

botany
type: Concept
definition: The study of the physical and physiological structure, genetics, ecology and other aspects of plants
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: biology

genetics
type: Concept
definition: The study of genes in living organisms, and of their role in heredity, development or genetic adaptation
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: biology

palaeontology
type: Concept
definition: The study of prehistoric life forms, geological periods and fossils
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: biology

physiology
type: Concept
definition: The study of the vital processes, internal organs or functional mechanisms of living organisms
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: biology

zoology
type: Concept
definition: The study of the biology, physiology, development, behaviour or other aspects of animals
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: biology

electromagnetism
type: Concept
definition: The study of the physical interactions between electrically charged particles and magnetic fields
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: physics
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/13001001

nuclear physics
type: Concept
definition: The study of the structure and behaviour of atomic nuclei
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: physics
narrower: particle physics
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/13001001

particle physics
type: Concept
definition: The study of the nature, properties and interactions of the elementary particles that constitute matter
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: nuclear physics

scientific innovation
type: Concept
definition: The development or creation of new scientific or technological products or processes, such as biotech or artificial intelligence applications, robotic limbs or nanoscale cameras
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: scientific research
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/13006000

medical research
type: Concept
definition: Investigation conducted in the fields of health and medicine, such as genetic studies, disease research or pharmaceutical drug trials
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: scientific research

scientific exploration
type: Concept
definition: Land, sea or space journeys undertaken to discover new information
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: scientific research
narrower: space exploration

scientific publication
type: Concept
definition: Academic research findings published in a journal, book or thesis
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: scientific research
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/13006000

space exploration
type: Concept
definition: The scientific exploration of outer space through manned and unmanned missions
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: scientific exploration

anthropology
type: Concept
definition: The study of human behaviour and social interactions across time
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: social sciences

archaeology
type: Concept
definition: The study of human activity throughout time and cultural history, using artefacts left behind by ancient peoples
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: social sciences

economics
type: Concept
definition: The study of the laws and principles of economies, such as the production and distribution of goods and services
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: social sciences
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04017000

geography
type: Concept
definition: The study of the physical features of the surface of Earth and its political divisions
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: social sciences

history
type: Concept
definition: The study of human events of the past
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: social sciences

information science
type: Concept
definition: The study and practice of collecting, classifying, storing, retrieving and disseminating information
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: social sciences
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/13003001

study of law
type: Concept
definition: The study of legal systems and the philosophy of law
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-10-02T12:00:00+00:00
broader: social sciences
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/13003001

linguistics
type: Concept
definition: The study of all aspects of human language such as syntax, phonetics, written and spoken forms and variations over time
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: social sciences
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/13000000

philosophy
type: Concept
definition: The study of the principles and fundamental questions about matters such as the mind, reason, morality or values
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: social sciences

political science
type: Concept
definition: The study of the principles of political and governmental systems, political thought and practices
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: social sciences
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/13000000

psychology
type: Concept
definition: The study of the human mind, mental characteristics and emotional processes
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: social sciences

sociology
type: Concept
definition: The study of human social organisation, social relationships and societal changes
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: social sciences

aerospace engineering
type: Concept
definition: The study, design, development and construction of aircraft, spacecraft and missile systems
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: technology and engineering
narrower: rocketry
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04011001

agricultural technology
type: Concept
definition: The study and development of techniques and machinery to improve agricultural management and productivity
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: technology and engineering
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/13020000

civil engineering
type: Concept
definition: The study, design, development and construction of structures such as buildings, bridges, tunnels, irrigation and sewage systems, streets or railroads
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: technology and engineering
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/13002000

electronic engineering
type: Concept
definition: The study, design, development and application of systems built on the exchange of electrical charges, such as consumer devices, communications systems or industrial computers
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: technology and engineering

identification technology
type: Concept
definition: The study, development, application and ethical considerations of technological methods for identifying products, animals or people; including radio frequency, biometrics or face recognition
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: technology and engineering

information technology and computer science
type: Concept
definition: The study and design of computer systems, software and networks
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: technology and engineering
narrower: artificial intelligence

materials science
type: Concept
definition: The study of the composition, structure and properties of materials for their use in industry and manufacturing
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: technology and engineering

micro science
type: Concept
definition: The study of and technologies built at a microscopic scale, such as microbiology or microcomputing
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: technology and engineering
narrower: nanotechnology

rocketry
type: Concept
definition: The study, design, development and construction of rockets
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: aerospace engineering

artificial intelligence
type: Concept
definition: An attempt to let computers simulate how the human brain works by applying statistical, heuristic or machine learning methods and algorithms to large datasets. Enables a long range of automatic functions like image recognition and categorisation.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2020-08-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: information technology and computer science

nanotechnology
type: Concept
definition: Manipulating objects at the molecular scale
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: micro science

social networking
type: Concept
definition: Social interactions, either in person or online, intended to share information and build relationships around common interests
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: communities
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14000000

fraternal and community group
type: Concept
definition: Social organisations whose members freely associate for a mutually beneficial purpose such as for social, professional or honorary principles. Groups include Rotary clubs, Lions clubs or Freemasons.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2022-09-23T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-09-23T12:00:00+00:00
broader: communities

population and census
type: Concept
definition: The official count of people living in a given geopolitical area, usually carried out by a governmental body
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: demographics

illegal immigration
type: Concept
definition: The movement of individuals or groups of people from one country to another without legal authorisation from the destination country
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: immigration

ageism
type: Concept
definition: Discrimination against individuals or groups of people on the basis of age
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: discrimination
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14025003

racism
type: Concept
definition: Discrimination against individuals or groups of people on the basis of race
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: discrimination

religious discrimination
type: Concept
definition: Unfair treatment of individuals or groups of people on the basis of their religious belief
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: discrimination
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14025003

sexism
type: Concept
definition: Discrimination against individuals or groups of people, usually women, on the basis of gender
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-09-30T12:00:00+00:00
broader: discrimination
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14025003

adoption
type: Concept
definition: The legal process of transferring parental rights to someone other than a person's birth parents, that person usually being a child
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: family

Dating and Relationships
type: Concept
definition: The development of an intimate connection between individuals, through various forms of activities enjoyed together, often leading to a legal or permanent union such as marriage
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: family

divorce
type: Concept
definition: The process by which a marriage is legally dissolved
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: family

family planning
type: Concept
definition: Services and education aimed at informing individual decisions about reproduction, such as fertility, in vitro fertilisation, contraception or abortion
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: family
narrower: abortion
narrower: contraception

marriage
type: Concept
definition: The legal or socially recognised union of individuals, which establishes rights and obligations between them
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-03-15T12:00:00+00:00
broader: family

parenting
type: Concept
definition: The caring for and support of a child's physical, emotional, developmental and social needs from birth to adulthood
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: family

pregnancy and childbirth
type: Concept
definition: Social and medical issues around pregnancy and giving birth including, doulas and midwives, obstetrics and medical concerns
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-06-14T12:00:00+00:00
broader: family

abortion
type: Concept
definition: The intentional termination of a pregnancy for elective or medical reasons
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: family planning

contraception
type: Concept
definition: A method or device used to prevent pregnancy
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-09-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: family planning

adults
type: Concept
definition: People above an age set by law that entitles them to full liability and certain privileges such as the legal right to drink alcoholic beverages and to vote
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: demographic group

children
type: Concept
definition: Young people, usually pre-pubescent, who are legally considered minors and are in a guardianship relationship with adults
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: demographic group

disabilities
type: Concept
definition: Physical or mental conditions that limit a person's movements, senses, or activities
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: demographic group

LGBTQ
type: Concept
definition: People who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender or queer
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: demographic group

gender
type: Concept
definition: The classification of individuals as male, female, or a non-binary designation
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: demographic group
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14024000

infants
type: Concept
definition: Very young people, usually defined as being just born up to the age of two
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: demographic group

national or ethnic minority
type: Concept
definition: Groups of people that form a minority on an ethnic or national basis, and their status or issues relating to the majority
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: demographic group

nuclear radiation victims
type: Concept
definition: Includes antinuclear movements and compensation for atomic blast victims.
change note: 2019-10-07: Retired. Use nuclear accident and incident (20000142) instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2019-10-07T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: demographic group

senior citizens
type: Concept
definition: People having passed the age of retirement
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: demographic group

teenagers
type: Concept
definition: Young people between the ages that describe childhood and adulthood
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: demographic group

indigenous people
type: Concept
definition: People who are the original owners and caretakers of a given region, also known as native peoples, first peoples or aboriginal peoples, in contrast to groups that have settled, occupied or colonised the area more recently
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-11-25T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: demographic group

women
type: Concept
definition: People who identify as female, focusing on the group as a demographic, and accomplishments, such as the first woman to achieve a milestone or serve in a role
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: demographic group

men
type: Concept
definition: People who identify as male, focusing on the group as a demographic, and masculinity
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: demographic group

homelessness
type: Concept
definition: The social condition defined by lack of permanent residence, living in shelters or on streets, and the issues and problems associated with it
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: social condition

poverty
type: Concept
definition: The lack of sufficient resources and means to provide basic needs such as food, clothing or shelter for oneself and one's family
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: social condition

abusive behaviour
type: Concept
definition: Actions that intentionally harm another person or people, often on an ongoing basis, such as psychological or mental abuse, negligence, physical or sexual abuse and torture
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: social problem

addiction
type: Concept
definition: The habitual and compulsive use of substances such as alcohol or drugs, or behaviour such as gambling, gaming or sex, often causing detrimental effects on the body, brain, and relationships with others
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: social problem

juvenile delinquency
type: Concept
definition: Unlawful conduct perpetrated by minors, often on a repeated basis
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: social problem

prostitution
type: Concept
definition: The business of engaging in sexual activity in exchange for payment
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: social problem

slavery
type: Concept
definition: The ownership of people as property, and the involuntary servitude of those people to their owners, which includes unpaid labour and coerced actions
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: social problem

sexual misconduct
type: Concept
definition: Unwanted behaviour of a sexual nature that is of lesser offense than felony sexual assault, particularly when behaviour occurs in a normally non-sexual situation, or where there is some aspect of personal power or authority involved
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-07-01T12:00:00+00:00
broader: social problem

bullying
type: Concept
definition: Taking actions meant to harm, coerce and intimidate another person perceived as vulnerable. These actions can be taken in person or online.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-11-20T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: social problem

corrupt practices
type: Concept
definition: Any action which is harmful to others
change note: 2019-10-07: Retired. Use corruption (20000093) instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2019-10-07T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: values

death and dying
type: Concept
definition: Social, medical and mental health issues relating to people at the end of their lives
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: values
narrower: euthanasia
narrower: suicide

ethics
type: Concept
definition: The moral values and standards that define right and wrong actions or decisions
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: values

pornography
type: Concept
definition: The depiction of sexually explicit acts in various media renditions, such as video or photos, often considered obscene or immoral
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: values

sexual behaviour
type: Concept
definition: The manner in which people express their sexuality in physical acts
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: values
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/12006000

euthanasia
type: Concept
definition: The practice of humanely ending the life of a person suffering from a terminal illness
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: death and dying
narrower: assisted suicide

suicide
type: Concept
definition: The intentional taking of one's own life
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: death and dying

assisted suicide
type: Concept
definition: The practice of assisting a person suffering from a terminal illness in the process of suicide, often with a physician's oversight
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: euthanasia
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14005000

charity
type: Concept
definition: The voluntary giving of money, food or other necessities to those in need
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: welfare

long-term care
type: Concept
definition: Services provided on an extended and ongoing basis to patients suffering from chronic illness or disability
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: welfare

social services
type: Concept
definition: Social programmes, usually publicly sponsored, aimed at promoting people's welfare, such as housing, health care or education services
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: welfare

elderly care
type: Concept
definition: The long-term care of the elderly provided by residential institutions or by paid daily help in the home
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-06-26T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: welfare

public housing
type: Concept
definition: Housing that is owned or managed by a government or nonprofit organisation and rented to tenants with the aim of making housing affordable. Eligibility for such housing arrangements varies country to country.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2020-08-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: welfare

child care
type: Concept
definition: Services and facilities that look after children while their parents are working or away, including daycare centres and programmes
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: welfare

American football
type: Concept
definition: Team ball game that opposes two teams of 11 that have offence and defence sections. Each offence attempts to move an oval ball down the 120 yards long field. Points are scored by advancing the ball into the opposing team s end zone.
change note: 2016-04-06: definition rephrased.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

archery
type: Concept
definition: Archers use bows and arrows to aim at targets 1.22 metres in diameter which are on average 70 metres distant.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: crossbow shooting
narrower: longbow

athletics
type: Concept
definition: Competitions involving foot races, jumping and throwing which can be on a track inside a stadium or on outside roads
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: cross-country run
narrower: decathlon
narrower: discus throw
narrower: hammer throw
narrower: heptathlon
narrower: high jump
narrower: hurdles
narrower: javelin throw
narrower: long distance run
narrower: long jump
narrower: middle distance run
narrower: pentathlon
narrower: pole vault
narrower: race walking
narrower: relay run
narrower: shot put
narrower: sprint run
narrower: triple jump
narrower: steeplechase (athletics)

Australian rules football
type: Concept
definition: A form of football played by two teams of 18 competing on a pitch by running with and passing an oval ball. Points are scored by moving the ball between goal posts. Governed by the Australian Football League.
change note: 2016-04-06: definition rephrased.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

badminton
type: Concept
definition: Two players or two teams of two compete by hitting a shuttlecock weighing approximately five grams over a high net. The aim for each player/team is to prevent the shuttlecock landing on their side of the court.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

bandy
type: Concept
definition: Played outdoors on ice. The size of the ice rink is about the size of a soccer field. Skates like ice hockey. A small hard ball is used for playing. Players play with sticks, much like in ice hockey, but the sticks are shorter and more rounded than in ice
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

baseball
type: Concept
definition: A game between two teams of nine played on an enclosed ground. The team which scores the most points wins. A point is scored when a player runs around the ground marked out by four bases. To do this he has to hit the ball thrown at him by a rival player.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: rubberball baseball

basketball
type: Concept
definition: Game played between two teams of five - points are scored by placing the large inflated ball into a net fixed on a ring 3.05m above the ground.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

biathlon
type: Concept
definition: A combination of cross-country skiing and target shooting on a 12.5 K course in a pursuit format.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

billiards
type: Concept
definition: A cue sport with balls on a table without a specific order to play them
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15010000
has facet: billiardtype

bobsleigh
type: Concept
definition: One, two or four people racing down a course in a sled that consists of a main hull, a frame, two axles and sets of runners. The total time of all heats in a competition is added together to determine the winner.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-02-03T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

boules
type: Concept
definition: Collective name of a number of games where the common goal is to move the competitor's balls as close to a small target ball as possible, played on a grass or sand surface. Balls are thrown (as in petanque and boules) or rolled (as in lawn bowls or bocce).
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

boxing
type: Concept
definition: Combat sport in which two men/women fight using only their fists covered by padded gloves in a square ring measuring 6m a side. The fight is usually split into 12 rounds of three minutes each.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: bantamweight (boxing)
narrower: cruiserweight (boxing)
narrower: featherweight (boxing)
narrower: flyweight (boxing)
narrower: heavyweight (boxing)
narrower: light flyweight (boxing)
narrower: light-heavyweight (boxing)
narrower: light-middleweight (boxing)
narrower: light-welterweight (boxing)
narrower: lightweight (boxing)
narrower: middleweight (boxing)
narrower: straw weight (boxing)
narrower: super-bantamweight (boxing)
narrower: super-featherweight (boxing)
narrower: super-flyweight (boxing)
narrower: super-heavyweight (boxing)
narrower: super-middleweight (boxing)
narrower: welterweight (boxing)
has facet: weightclasstype

bullfighting
type: Concept
definition: Classical contest pitting man against the bull
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

Canadian football
type: Concept
definition: Team ball game that opposes two teams of 12 that have offence and defence sections. Each offence attempts to move an oval ball down the 150 yards long field. Points are scored by advancing the ball into the opposing team s end zone.
change note: 2016-04-06: definition rephrased.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

canoeing
type: Concept
definition: Competition involving canoes which are generally kneeled and paddled with a single-bladed paddle
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: C1 (canoeing)
narrower: C2 (canoeing)
narrower: C4 (canoeing)
narrower: canoe sailing
narrower: pontoniering
has facet: canoekayaktype
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15015000

casting (fishing)
type: Concept
definition: Using fishing equipment to hit a target and score points
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

mountain climbing
type: Concept
definition: Moving up mountains using hands and feet
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: ice climbing
narrower: mountaineering

sport climbing
type: Concept
definition: Sport climbing as a special category: individual competition, on an artificial wall with time measurement
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

cricket
type: Concept
definition: Ball sport involving two teams of 11 players, balls, bats and wickets. The aim is to score as many runs as possible, and to get the opposing team 'out'. A 'run' involves a player running between two wickets. The opposing team try to get their rivals 'out'
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

croquet
type: Concept
definition: Using mallets to hit a ball through hoops
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

curling
type: Concept
definition: A game played on ice with large flat round stones. A player throws the stone, aiming at a target. Teammates of the player who has thrown the stone can sweep the ice in front of the stone to help smooth its path towards the target.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: icestock sport

cycling
type: Concept
definition: A race over a given distance on bicycles.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: artistic cycling
narrower: bi-crossing
narrower: bmx racing
narrower: cycle ball
narrower: cycle sprint race
narrower: cyclo-cross
narrower: individual pursuit (cycling)
narrower: individual time trial (cycling)
narrower: Keirin
narrower: Madison race
narrower: mountain biking
narrower: points race (cycling)
narrower: road cycling
narrower: cycling staging race
narrower: team cycle sprint
narrower: road cycling team pursuit
narrower: team time trial (cycling)
narrower: track race (cycling)
narrower: bmx freestyle
has facet: cyclingtype

competitive dancing
type: Concept
definition: Dancing competition where competitors are judged on technique and interpretation.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-05-10T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: breaking (breakdance)

darts
type: Concept
definition: The sport in which small darts are thrown at a dartboard, a circular target divided into numbered sections.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

diving
type: Concept
definition: Competitors dive off a fixed or spring board and are assessed by seven judges giving marks up to ten for their acrobatic moves.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: platform diving
narrower: springboard diving
narrower: synchronised diving

underwater sports
type: Concept
definition: Competitive sports played under water
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

dog racing
type: Concept
definition: Dogs racing around a track
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: oval track dog racing
narrower: dog sled racing
has facet: dogracingtype

duathlon
type: Concept
definition: An athletic event involving running and cycling
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

equestrian
type: Concept
definition: Horse-based sport disciplines governed by the International Federation for Equestrian Sports, such as dressage, eventing, show jumping and vaulting
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: cross-country horse riding
narrower: dressage
narrower: horse jumping
narrower: three day eventing
narrower: horse driving
has facet: equestriantype

fencing
type: Concept
definition: Combat sport using a sword or foil.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: epee
narrower: foil
narrower: sabre
has facet: fencingtype

field hockey
type: Concept
definition: A ball sport involving two teams of 11 players using curved sticks. The aim is to score as many goals as possible.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

figure skating
type: Concept
definition: To obtain the best marks possible from nine judges who award scores after two prepared sections - both skated to music - during which competitors must attempt to achieve the greatest possible harmony between artistic flair and technical precision.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: ice dance
has facet: figureskatingtype

fist ball
type: Concept
definition: Men's team sport similar to volleyball (with a much lower net) executed mainly in gymnastics clubs
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

floorball
type: Concept
definition: Played indoors in a court the size of a basketball court. 6 players per team, of which one is a goalkeeper. He/she operates kneeling but there is no goal-stick like in ice hockey. The players use plastic clubs and a light plastic ball to pass and shot goal
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

flying disc
type: Concept
definition: A group of events all played with a flying plastic disc. The exact regulation for the disc is different in different events but it has to be unbroken of solid plastic and a production model with no modification. Flying disc is sometimes called Frisbee.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
has facet: flyingdisctype

Gaelic football
type: Concept
definition: A form of football played by two teams of 15 competing on a pitch by running with, kicking and passing a spherical ball. Points are scored by moving the ball between goal posts. Governed by the Gaelic Athletic Association.
change note: 2016-04-06: definition rephrased.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15000000

golf
type: Concept
definition: A game to hit a small hard ball with different clubs around a course of typically 18 holes varying in distance and during a round. The object, depending on the scoring formulae, is to make the fewest strokes possible
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: mini golf

gymnastics
type: Concept
definition: A sport consisting of a variety of disciplines in which gymnasts perform artistic and acrobatic moves using different apparatus.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: rhythmic gymnastics
narrower: trampoline
narrower: artistic gymnastics

handball (team)
type: Concept
definition: A ball game using the hands contested by two teams of seven trying to throw the ball into the opponents goal.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

hornuss
type: Concept
definition: Swiss team sport with 16 or 18 men per team. A rubber puck is hit towards the field of the adversary team which tries to hit the puck in the air with a wooden board thrown in the air
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

horse racing
type: Concept
definition: Mounted horse races.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: flat racing
narrower: harness racing
narrower: steeple chase

hurling
type: Concept
definition: A game played by two teams of fifteen each with a curved wooden stick called a hurley. The object is to score a goal by hitting the small ball between the opponents' goalposts either over the crossbar or under it into a net guarded by a goalkeeper.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15000000

ice hockey
type: Concept
definition: Two teams of six heavily padded skaters try and outscore each other by hitting a puck into the opponents goal.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: sledge hockey

inline skating
type: Concept
definition: Competitive sports using inline skates
change note: Retired. Use roller sports (medtop:20001155)
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

Jai Alai (Pelota)
type: Concept
definition: A fast ball play using either the bare hand or a wicker scoop in an arena of walls of different outlay and size
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
has facet: jaialaitype

kabaddi
type: Concept
definition: The attacking side scores by touching, and the side to guard scores by capturing. The attacker continues calling it 'kabaddi'.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

kayaking
type: Concept
definition: Competition involving kayaks where the paddler sits with their legs facing forward using a double-bladed paddle
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: K1 (kayaking)
narrower: K2 (kayaking)
narrower: K4 (kayaking)
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15015000
has facet: canoekayaktype

lacrosse
type: Concept
definition: Two teams of helmeted and padded players try and outscore each other using a netted stick and hard ball.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

luge
type: Concept
definition: Luge (French word for sled) is competed in singles or doubles. The competitor(s) lay on their back on an open sled and race down a course. The competitor(s) and the sled must be in contact when passing the finishing line. The competitor can steer the sled
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

marathon
type: Concept
definition: A road race where competitors run 42.195km, generally through city streets
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

modern pentathlon
type: Concept
definition: The Modern Pentathlon comprises five events run over a single day in the following order: shooting, fencing, swimming, horse riding and running.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

motorboat racing
type: Concept
definition: Racing with boats with engines
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15046000

motor car racing
type: Concept
definition: Racing with cars
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: endurance race
narrower: F3000
narrower: Formula One
narrower: Indy Racing
narrower: motor car rallycross
narrower: motor car rallying
has facet: motorcarracingtype

motorcycling
type: Concept
definition: Races with 2, 3 or 4 wheels vehicles with a saddle and handlebars
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: motorcycle endurance
narrower: enduro
narrower: grass-track
narrower: moto-ball
narrower: moto-cross
narrower: motoGP
narrower: motorcycle rallying
narrower: side-cars
narrower: speedway
narrower: motorcycling trial
has facet: motorcyclingtype

netball
type: Concept
definition: A woman's sport similar to basketball though without a board behind the basket
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

orienteering
type: Concept
definition: An individual time-trial over a route marked out by beacons. The competitor has to search out and find in a specific order. The contestant makes his way with the help of a compass and map
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: ski orienteering

parachuting
type: Concept
definition: Jumping from an aeroplane using a parachute, competitions are precision landings, voltige, individual and team
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

polo
type: Concept
definition: With the aid of a mallet two teams of four horsemen try and knock a bamboo ball into the opponents goal over a pitch 250m long and 150m wide. The game is divided into 4, 6, or 8 time periods of 7min 30sec called chukkas.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

pool
type: Concept
definition: A cue sport on a table with pockets, played with different numbers of balls
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15010000
has facet: billiardtype

power boating
type: Concept
definition: Races between motor boats on rivers or lakes
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

rodeo
type: Concept
definition: A discipline where wild horses or bulls must be mounted and mastered
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: bareback bronc
narrower: barrel racing
narrower: bull riding
narrower: bulldogging
narrower: calf roping
narrower: goat roping
narrower: saddle bronc

rowing
type: Concept
definition: Boat racing usually on flat calm waters with boats for 1, 2, 4 or 8 rowers
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: coxed four
narrower: coxed pair
narrower: coxless four
narrower: coxless pair
narrower: double sculls
narrower: coxed eight
narrower: quadruple sculls
narrower: single sculls
has facet: rowingtype

sailing
type: Concept
definition: Sailing boat racing over a route
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: multihull
narrower: dinghy
narrower: keelboat
narrower: sailing regatta
narrower: ocean sailing
narrower: round the world race
narrower: solo ocean sailing
narrower: non-stop solo race
has facet: sailingtype

sepak takraw
type: Concept
definition: A game like volleyball where hands must not be used, using a ball made of rattan
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

shinty
type: Concept
definition: A ball game involving 2 teams with curved sticks called camans. The object is to score goals by hitting the small leather ball through the goals.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15000000

sport shooting
type: Concept
definition: Precision sport using a hand gun, rifle or shotgun
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-10-02T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: pistol shooting
narrower: rifle shooting
narrower: running target shooting
narrower: shotgun shooting
narrower: clay pigeon shooting
has facet: shootingtype

skeleton
type: Concept
definition: In skeleton the competitor lies on his/her stomach when racing down the course. The competitor must be on the sled when crossing the finishing line.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

skiing
type: Concept
definition: A winter sport using different types of skis
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: alpine skiing
narrower: freestyle skiing
narrower: grass skiing
narrower: Nordic skiing
narrower: ski jumping
narrower: cross-country skiing
narrower: Nordic combined
narrower: Telemark skiing
narrower: ski mountaineering
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15000000

sky diving
type: Concept
definition: Parachuting competitions with long distance falls without using a parachute
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

snooker
type: Concept
definition: A cue sport with balls on a table to be potted in a specific order
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
has facet: billiardtype

snowboarding
type: Concept
definition: Practiced with a single board (rather than two skis)
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
has facet: snowboardingtype

football
type: Concept
definition: Also known as soccer. Played by two teams competing on a pitch by kicking a spherical ball. Points are scored by kicking or heading the ball into a goal. Governed by the Fédération Internationale de Football Association
change note: 2016-04-06: definition rephrased.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-09-26T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: futsal
narrower: beach soccer

softball
type: Concept
definition: Similar to baseball but with a larger and softer ball, a thinner bat, shorter gaps between bases and less innings
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

speed skating
type: Concept
definition: Timed races competed by two or more skaters at a time on an oval ice track
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

squash
type: Concept
definition: A racquet sport of strategy and endurance played by singles or doubles teams in a walled court with a small rubber ball
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

sumo wrestling
type: Concept
definition: A combat sport of speed and rapidity with much ceremony where two contestants try to throw or slap a competitor out of a marked area. Generally practiced in Japan by large men.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

surfing
type: Concept
definition: Water sport where contestants catch and ride waves upright on a surfboard
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

swimming
type: Concept
definition: A water sport where contestants swim as fast as possible in a given style and win races by being the first to touch home
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: backstroke
narrower: breaststroke
narrower: butterfly swimming
narrower: freestyle swimming
narrower: medley swimming
narrower: marathon swimming
narrower: relay freestyle swimming
narrower: relay medley swimming
narrower: short course swimming
has facet: swimmingtype

table tennis
type: Concept
definition: A racquet sport for two or four (in doubles), who compete at a table divided by a net using a small bat to play a lightweight ball
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-03-15T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

tennis
type: Concept
definition: A sport where two players, four in doubles, equipped with a racket compete by hitting the ball over a net into the opponent's side of the court with the aim of putting it out of reach within the regulation lines, thus winning points.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

ten pin bowling
type: Concept
definition: A game in which a player scores points by trying to knock down ten 'pins' using a ball - if unsuccessful the player has a second attempt. A game consists of ten frames.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

triathlon
type: Concept
definition: An endurance multi-sport where competitors first swim, then cycle and then run a road race. Distances vary according to the competition.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

tug-of-war
type: Concept
definition: Two teams pulling against each other on a rope
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

volleyball
type: Concept
definition: Two teams of six record points by hitting a ball over a net into the opponent's half of the court, keeping it in the air at all times. Points are won when opponents fail to return the ball.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: beach volleyball

water polo
type: Concept
definition: Played in a pool between two teams of 7, who must stay afloat and can only use one hand to pass the ball or swim with it before trying to throw it into the opponents net to score goals.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

water skiing
type: Concept
definition: On one or two skis contestants are pulled by a power boat along the water's surface
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
has facet: waterskiingtype

weightlifting and powerlifting
type: Concept
definition: A strength test where competitors lift as heavy a weight as possible
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: clean and jerk (weightlifting)
narrower: powerlifting
narrower: snatch (weightlifting)
has facet: weightliftingtype

windsurfing
type: Concept
definition: Contestants must complete a marked out course as fast as possible on a windsurf board
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
has facet: windsurfingtype

wrestling
type: Concept
definition: Combat sport where each wrestler attempts to win over his adversary, by holding both shoulders on the ground (fall) long enough to be in control. Points can also be decisive.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: freestyle wrestling
narrower: greco-roman
narrower: Swiss wrestling
has facet: weightclasstype

short track speed skating
type: Concept
definition: Races competed by four or more skaters at a time on a small oval ice track
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2014-01-20T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

chess
type: Concept
definition: Competition between two players using a chequered board with 16 pieces to each side, each with specific ranges of movement depending on their identity
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2014-11-07T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

roller sports
type: Concept
definition: Various competitions using wheeled equipment such as roller skates, inline skates, and skateboards.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2014-11-07T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: roller hockey
narrower: skateboarding

martial arts
type: Concept
definition: Martial arts are codified systems and traditions of combat practices, which are practiced for a variety of reasons: self-defence, competition, physical health and fitness, entertainment, as well as mental, physical, and spiritual development.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2015-08-27T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: judo
narrower: jukendo
narrower: karate
narrower: kendo
narrower: kyudo
narrower: naginata
narrower: Taekwon-Do
narrower: wushu
narrower: mixed martial arts
narrower: krav maga
narrower: kickboxing
narrower: sambo (martial art)

artistic swimming
type: Concept
definition: A sport in which swimmers, in solo, duet or team configurations, perform coordinated or identical movements in time to music. They are judged and are awarded points for body position, control, and the degree of difficulty of the moves.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2016-04-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: synchronised free routine
narrower: synchronised technical routine

rugby
type: Concept
definition: A form of football developed in Rugby (England) played with an oval ball that may be kicked, carried and passed from hand to hand. Points are scored when one team carries the ball over the other team's goal line or kicks the ball between two goal posts.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2016-04-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline
narrower: rugby league
narrower: rugby union
narrower: rugby sevens

eSports
type: Concept
definition: Competitions involving video games played by professional gamers
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2018-04-19T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

bodybuilding
type: Concept
definition: Competitions where participants perform specific poses to display their muscles that have been strengthened and enlarged through strenuous exercise. Competitors are judged based on criteria such as symmetry, muscularity and conditioning.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-06-26T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

racquetball
type: Concept
definition: A racquet sport similar to squash in which the ball must bounce once before being struck and with a greater area of in-bound play
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-10-07T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

ringette
type: Concept
definition: A team sport usually played on ice by skaters using a straight stick. Players pass and shoot a rubber ring in order to place it in the opponent's goal
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-10-07T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

arm wrestling
type: Concept
definition: A form of wrestling in which two participants grapple arm-to-arm
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-11-25T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

padel
type: Concept
definition: Racquet sport typically played in doubles on an enclosed court
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

kiting
type: Concept
definition: Action sport where a person harnesses the power of the wind to propel themselves across water, land or snow on a board, snowboard or skis. Variations of the sport are called kiteboarding/kitesurfing, snowkiting or landkiting.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

stand up paddleboarding (SUP)
type: Concept
definition: Water sport using a board and paddle to propel through the water while standing
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

cheerleading
type: Concept
definition: Cheer squads competing against each other to perform a routine that includes stunts, jumps and tumbling set to music. Squads are judged on difficulty and execution.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

3x3 basketball
type: Concept
definition: A variation of basketball played three a side on one basketball hoop
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

canoe slalom
type: Concept
definition: Competitors navigate a canoe or a kayak on a white-water course, passing through a combination of upstream and downstream gates on river rapids in the fastest time possible
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

canoe sprint
type: Concept
definition: Taking place on a flatwater course, multiple canoes take off at once and race each other to the finish
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

road cycling
type: Concept
definition: Cycling events held on roads, including road races and time trials
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

track cycling
type: Concept
definition: Cycling competitions held on tracks, including sprint, team sprint, keirin, team pursuit, omnium and madison events
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

football 5-a-side
type: Concept
definition: A variation of association football in which each team fields five players and play is on a smaller pitch. An official Summer Paralympics sport.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

goalball
type: Concept
definition: A team sport for athletes with a vision impairment, using a ball containing bells
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competition discipline

crossbow shooting
type: Concept
definition: Shooting with crossbow on targets from different distances
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: archery

longbow
type: Concept
definition: Shooting with longbow on targets from different distances. The competition is held outdoors on an open (flat) field.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: archery
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15004000

cross-country run
type: Concept
definition: Competitors run over rough ground and not on a track
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: athletics
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15005000

decathlon
type: Concept
definition: Individual men's competition which involves accumulating points in 10 different disciplines over two days: 1st day - 100m, long-jump, shot-putt, high-jump, 400m. 2nd day - 110m hurdles, discus, pole-vault, javelin and 1,500 metres.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: athletics

discus throw
type: Concept
definition: Competitors stand in a netted circle with a 2.50 metres diameter and with a turning motion attempt to throw a discus weighing 2kg for men and 1kg for women as far as possible
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: athletics

hammer throw
type: Concept
definition: Competitors throw a hammer consisting of a metal ball, chain and handle as far as they can from a netted circle which is 2.13 metres in diameter. The hammer weighs 7.26kg for men and 4kg for women
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: athletics

heptathlon
type: Concept
definition: Competition involving seven separate disciplines over two days. 1st day - 100m hurdles, high jump, shot put, 200 metres. 2nd day - long-jump, javelin, 800 metres
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: athletics

high jump
type: Concept
definition: Competitors build up speed over a short sprint and then jump as high as possible over a horizontal bar
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: athletics

hurdles
type: Concept
definition: A sprint running race where athletes jump over a series of upright frames
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: athletics
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15005000

javelin throw
type: Concept
definition: Competitors in a specially-designated throwing area attempt to fling a spear-like javelin as far as possible. The javelin weighs 800 grams for men and 600 grams for women.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: athletics

long distance run
type: Concept
definition: A running race at distances for more than 1500 metres
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: athletics
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15005000

long jump
type: Concept
definition: Competitors build up speed over a short sprint and then jump in one leap as far as possible
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: athletics

middle distance run
type: Concept
definition: A running race at distances for more than 400 metres and up to and including 1500 metres
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: athletics
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15005000

pentathlon
type: Concept
definition: Only indoor, 60m hurdles, high jump, shot put, long jump, 800 m
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: athletics

pole vault
type: Concept
definition: Competitors use a flexible pole to propel themselves feet-first into the air and clear a bar which is raised higher at each round of jumps.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: athletics

race walking
type: Concept
definition: A race requiring the competitor to have always one foot on the ground
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: athletics
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15005000

relay run
type: Concept
definition: A team of athletes run a relay over identical distances
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: athletics
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15005000

shot put
type: Concept
definition: Competitors stand in a circle with a 2.13 metres diameter and attempt to throw a metal ball weighing 7.26 kg for men and 4kg for women as far as possible. The longest throw wins.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: athletics

sprint run
type: Concept
definition: A running race at distances of up to and including 400 metres
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: athletics

triple jump
type: Concept
definition: Competitors build up speed over a short sprint and then attempt to jump as far forward as they can using a hop, skip and a jump technique.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: athletics

steeplechase (athletics)
type: Concept
definition: Obstacle race in athletics including barriers and water jumps
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-07-23T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: athletics

rubberball baseball
type: Concept
definition: Sometimes called ''soft baseball,'' the game is played with a rubber baseball of varying degrees of hardness depending upon the age and level of the players.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: baseball

bantamweight (boxing)
type: Concept
definition: Weight category which varies according to the federation or the Olympic Games
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: boxing

cruiserweight (boxing)
type: Concept
definition: Weight category which varies according to the federation or the Olympic Games
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: boxing

featherweight (boxing)
type: Concept
definition: Weight category which varies according to the federation or the Olympic Games
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2014-04-08T12:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: boxing

flyweight (boxing)
type: Concept
definition: Weight category which varies according to the federation or the Olympic Games
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: boxing

heavyweight (boxing)
type: Concept
definition: Weight category which varies according to the federation or the Olympic Games
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: boxing

light flyweight (boxing)
type: Concept
definition: Weight category which varies according to the federation or the Olympic Games
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: boxing

light-heavyweight (boxing)
type: Concept
definition: Weight category which varies according to the federation or the Olympic Games
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: boxing

light-middleweight (boxing)
type: Concept
definition: Weight category which varies according to the federation or the Olympic Games
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: boxing

light-welterweight (boxing)
type: Concept
definition: Weight category which varies according to the federation or the Olympic Games
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: boxing

lightweight (boxing)
type: Concept
definition: Weight category which varies according to the federation or the Olympic Games
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: boxing

middleweight (boxing)
type: Concept
definition: Weight category which varies according to the federation or the Olympic Games
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: boxing

straw weight (boxing)
type: Concept
definition: Weight category which varies according to the federation or the Olympic Games
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: boxing
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15014000

super-bantamweight (boxing)
type: Concept
definition: Weight category which varies according to the federation or the Olympic Games
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: boxing

super-featherweight (boxing)
type: Concept
definition: Weight category which varies according to the federation or the Olympic Games
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: boxing

super-flyweight (boxing)
type: Concept
definition: Weight category which varies according to the federation or the Olympic Games
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: boxing

super-heavyweight (boxing)
type: Concept
definition: Weight category which varies according to the federation or the Olympic Games
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: boxing

super-middleweight (boxing)
type: Concept
definition: Weight category which varies according to the federation or the Olympic Games
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: boxing

welterweight (boxing)
type: Concept
definition: Weight category which varies according to the federation or the Olympic Games
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: boxing

C1 (canoeing)
type: Concept
definition: One-seater canoe (open boat with competitor using a single bladed paddle
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: canoeing

C2 (canoeing)
type: Concept
definition: Two-seater canoe (open boat) - competitors use a single bladed paddle
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: canoeing

C4 (canoeing)
type: Concept
definition: Four-seater canoe (open boat) with each competitor using a single bladed paddle
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: canoeing
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15015010

canoe sailing
type: Concept
definition: A race involving a canoe equipped with a sail.
note: Retired. Use Media Topic canoeing + sports facet canoekayaktype
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: canoeing

pontoniering
type: Concept
definition: Team sport, military tradition, similar to canoe regatta, in boats
note: Retired. Use Media Topic canoeing + sports facet canoekayaktype
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: canoeing

ice climbing
type: Concept
definition: Climbing of ice features such as icefalls and frozen cliffs
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: mountain climbing
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15016000

mountaineering
type: Concept
definition: Competitive alpine climbing
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-10-02T12:00:00+00:00
broader: mountain climbing

icestock sport
type: Concept
definition: Similar to curling, played on targets on ice, different stones with straight handle and different rules, played in alpine countries
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: curling

artistic cycling
type: Concept
definition: Individual or teams on one or two bicycles in an arena. Points are awarded by a jury.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: cycling

bi-crossing
type: Concept
definition: A race where competitors have to cover a circuit with obstacles as quickly as possible.
note: Retired. Use Media Topic cycling + sports facet cyclingtype
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: cycling

bmx racing
type: Concept
definition: Bicycle racing in with inline start and various obstacles over off-road circuits.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: cycling
has facet: bmxfreestyletype
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15019000

cycle ball
type: Concept
definition: Competitive team sport using bicycles. One team against another with two persons per team. The aim is for competitors to move the ball using the front and rear wheels without letting their feet touch the ground.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: cycling

cycle sprint race
type: Concept
definition: Track cycling race between two cyclists over two or three laps, with a timed sprint finish over the last 200m
note: Retired. Use Media Topic cycling + sports facet racetype
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: cycling

cyclo-cross
type: Concept
definition: Staged on various surfaces - earth, grass, sand or tarmac.
note: Retired. Use Media Topic cycling + sports facet cyclingtype
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: cycling

individual pursuit (cycling)
type: Concept
definition: Track cycling event where two cyclists set off from midway down opposite straights and try to make up the gap between them
note: Retired. Use Media Topic cycling +sports facets racetype + teamsize
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: cycling

individual time trial (cycling)
type: Concept
definition: A race or stage against the clock with each cyclist setting off individually
note: Retired. Use Media Topic cycling + sports facets racetype + teamsize
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: cycling

Keirin
type: Concept
definition: Sprint between six cyclists where a pacemaker on a moped gradually increases the pace over the first 1400m. When the pacemaker leaves the track the race develops into a sprint finish over the final 6-700m.
note: Retired. Use Media Topic cycling + sports facet cyclingtype
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: cycling

Madison race
type: Concept
definition: A points race by teams comprising two cyclists in relay-format
note: Retired. Use Media Topic cycling + sports facet cyclingtype
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: cycling

mountain biking
type: Concept
definition: All-terrain, off-road bicycle riding requiring endurance and specially adapted mountain bikes
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: cycling
has facet: mountainbikingtype
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15019015

points race (cycling)
type: Concept
definition: Cyclists aim to complete the highest number of laps. Bonus points are picked up in intermediate sprints held every 2500m
note: Retired. Use Media Topic cycling + sports facet cyclingtype
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: cycling

road cycling
type: Concept
definition: Road race with all competitors starting en masse.
note: Retired. Use Media Topic cycling + sports facet cyclingtype
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-07-01T12:00:00+00:00
broader: cycling

cycling staging race
type: Concept
definition: Race disputed by teams with the classifications determined by the combined times over a day
note: Retired. Use Media Topic cycling + sports facet racetype
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: cycling

team cycle sprint
type: Concept
definition: A track race where two teams race against each other, starting on opposite sides of the track, following the first lap the first rider pulls away, leaving the second rider to lead the next lap, who then does the same at the last lap, leaving the third rider to finish the race. The team with the fastest time is the winner.
note: Retired. Use Media Topic cycling + sports facet cyclingtype
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: cycling
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15019000

road cycling team pursuit
type: Concept
definition: Track cycle event where two teams set off from midway down opposite straights and try to make up the gap between them
note: Retired. Use Media Topic cycling + sports facets racetype + teamsize.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: cycling
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15019000

team time trial (cycling)
type: Concept
definition: Teams of cyclists race against the clock
note: Retired. Use Media Topic cycling + sports facets racetype + teamsize.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: cycling
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15019000

track race (cycling)
type: Concept
definition: A race staged on a track in a velodrome
note: Retired. Use Media Topic cycling + sports facet cyclingtype
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: cycling

bmx freestyle
type: Concept
definition: Riders are given a fixed time to perform acrobatics tricks and skills, with tricks scored on multiple aspects including difficulty, originality, execution, height and creativity
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: cycling

breaking (breakdance)
type: Concept
definition: Dancing competition featuring an urban dance style that originated in the United States in the 1970s with roots in hip-hop culture and characterised by acrobatic movements, stylised footwork, and the key role played by the DJ and the MC during battles
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2024-05-09T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-05-09T12:00:00+00:00
broader: competitive dancing

platform diving
type: Concept
definition: Divers take off from a high platform
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: diving
has facet: platformheight
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15021000

springboard diving
type: Concept
definition: Divers dive from a high springboard.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: diving
has facet: platformheight
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15021000

synchronised diving
type: Concept
definition: Two competitors from the same team dive off at the same time from separate platforms or springboards. As well as being judged on the standard criteria they are also awarded marks for synchronisation.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: diving
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15021004
has facet: platformheight

oval track dog racing
type: Concept
definition: Pursuing an artificial rabbit around an oval track
note: Retired. Use Media Topic dog racing+ sports facet dogracingtype
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: dog racing

dog sled racing
type: Concept
definition: Race with dogs harnessed to a sled
note: Retired. Use Media Topic dog racing+ sports facet dogracingtype
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: dog racing

cross-country horse riding
type: Concept
definition: Equestrian event held on a designated circuit in the countryside featuring artificial and natural obstacles.
note: Retired. Use Media Topic equestrianism + sports facet equestriantype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: equestrian

dressage
type: Concept
definition: A rider is judged on a series of moves at three different paces - walk, trot and gallop.
note: Retired. Use Media Topic equestrianism + sports facet equestriantype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: equestrian

horse jumping
type: Concept
definition: A rider and horse attempt to jump a series of obstacles in an enclosed arena against the clock.
note: Retired. Use Media Topic equestrianism + sports facet equestriantype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: equestrian

three day eventing
type: Concept
definition: Equestrian event involving three disciplines - Dressage, cross-country and show jumping
note: Retired. Use Media Topic equestrianism + sports facet equestriantype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: equestrian

horse driving
type: Concept
definition: Equestrian events involving horses being driven in harness, single vehicle around a course.
note: Retired. Use Media Topic equestrianism + sports facet equestriantype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: equestrian
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15022000

epee
type: Concept
definition: Category of fencing using a weapon with a triangular cross-section blade and a large bell guard
note: Retired. Use Media Topic fencing + sports facet fencingtype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: fencing

foil
type: Concept
definition: Category of fencing using a weapon with a rectangular cross-section blade and a small bell guard
note: Retired. Use Media Topic fencing + sports facet fencingtype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: fencing

sabre
type: Concept
definition: A fencing weapon with a flat blade and knuckle guard used with cutting or thrusting moves
note: Retired. Use Media Topic fencing + sports facet fencingtype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: fencing

ice dance
type: Concept
definition: Takes place over three days with, in order, two compulsory dances, the original dance (2min 30sec) and the free dance (4min).
note: Retired. Use Media Topic figure skating + sports facet figureskatetype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: figure skating

mini golf
type: Concept
definition: A game where small hard balls must be holed on an artificial course in as few strokes from the club as possible
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: golf

rhythmic gymnastics
type: Concept
definition: Mixture of dance and gymnastic moves
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: gymnastics
narrower: ball (rhythmic gymnastics)
narrower: clubs (rhythmic gymnastics)
narrower: hoop (rhythmic gymnastics)
narrower: ribbon (rhythmic gymnastics)
narrower: rope (rhythmic gymnastics)
has facet: rhythmgymtype

trampoline
type: Concept
definition: Competitors perform complicated twists and turns whilst bouncing on the trampoline.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: gymnastics

artistic gymnastics
type: Concept
definition: Gymnasts perform artistic and acrobatic moves on different apparatus. There are 6 events for men and 4 for women
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2014-04-11T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: gymnastics
narrower: beam (artistic gymnastics)
narrower: floor exercise (artistic gymnastics)
narrower: horizontal bar (artistic gymnastics)
narrower: parallel bars (artistic gymnastics)
narrower: pommel horse (artistic gymnastics)
narrower: rings (artistic gymnastics)
narrower: uneven bars (artistic gymnastics)
narrower: vault (artistic gymnastics)
has facet: artisticgymtype

ball (rhythmic gymnastics)
type: Concept
definition: An exercise based on suppleness of the body using a ball.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: rhythmic gymnastics

beam (artistic gymnastics)
type: Concept
definition: Gymnasts perform leaps and flips from the much feared balance beam just 10 cm wide.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: artistic gymnastics

clubs (rhythmic gymnastics)
type: Concept
definition: Dance and gymnastic moves whilst juggling clubs.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: rhythmic gymnastics

floor exercise (artistic gymnastics)
type: Concept
definition: A gymnastics floor exercise on a 12m/sq matt.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: artistic gymnastics

hoop (rhythmic gymnastics)
type: Concept
definition: A hoop is rolled and thrown whilst performing a dance routine.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: rhythmic gymnastics

horizontal bar (artistic gymnastics)
type: Concept
definition: Gymnasts turn, spin and perform pirouettes around the horizontal bar.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: artistic gymnastics

parallel bars (artistic gymnastics)
type: Concept
definition: Gymnasts swing and turn with guile and grace around the parallel bars.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: artistic gymnastics

pommel horse (artistic gymnastics)
type: Concept
definition: Gymnasts perform an uninterrupted swing motion over a handled horse using balance and strength
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: artistic gymnastics

ribbon (rhythmic gymnastics)
type: Concept
definition: Gymnasts work through a pre-arranged routine whilst manipulating a spectacular length of ribbon.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: rhythmic gymnastics

rope (rhythmic gymnastics)
type: Concept
definition: Jump and figure movements are performed while a rope is manipulated.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: rhythmic gymnastics

rings (artistic gymnastics)
type: Concept
definition: Gymnasts perform feats of balance and strength from two suspended rings.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: artistic gymnastics

uneven bars (artistic gymnastics)
type: Concept
definition: Gymnasts run through an airborne routine swinging around and between the uneven bars.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: artistic gymnastics

vault (artistic gymnastics)
type: Concept
definition: Gymnasts propel themselves by jumping on a trampoline after running quickly down a 25m lane
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: artistic gymnastics

flat racing
type: Concept
definition: A horse race over a flat course.
note: Retired. Use Media Topic horse racing + sports facet equestriantype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: horse racing

harness racing
type: Concept
definition: Horses hitched to a jockeyed buggy race round a flat course. Can be performed at a trotting gait or a pacing gait.
note: Retired. Use Media Topic horse racing + sports facet equestriantype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: horse racing

steeple chase
type: Concept
definition: A mounted horse race over at least eight classic obstacles, four of which must be different, such as the water jump, spruce fences, mud walls etc.
note: Retired. Use Media Topic horse racing + sports facet equestriantype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: horse racing

sledge hockey
type: Concept
definition: Like ice hockey but instead of skates small sledges are used. Competitors move by pushing with the arms
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: ice hockey

judo
type: Concept
definition: A defensive martial art.
change note: Change Note 2015-08-27: broader term changed
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: martial arts
narrower: extra lightweight (judo)
narrower: half-heavyweight (judo)
narrower: half-lightweight (judo)
narrower: half-middleweight (judo)
narrower: heavyweight (judo)
narrower: lightweight (judo)
narrower: middleweight (judo)
has facet: weightclasstype

extra lightweight (judo)
type: Concept
definition: Up to 60kg for men and 48kg for women.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: judo

half-heavyweight (judo)
type: Concept
definition: Up to 100kg for men and 78kg for women.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: judo

half-lightweight (judo)
type: Concept
definition: Up to 73kg for men and 57kg for women.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: judo

half-middleweight (judo)
type: Concept
definition: Up to 81kg for men and 63kg for women
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: judo

heavyweight (judo)
type: Concept
definition: Open but usually over 100kg for men and over 78kg for women
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: judo

lightweight (judo)
type: Concept
definition: Up to 66kg for men and 52kg for women.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: judo

middleweight (judo)
type: Concept
definition: Up to 90kg for men and 70kg for women.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: judo

jukendo
type: Concept
definition: Japanese traditional martial art using a model rifle made of wood. 'Juken' means a rifle or gun with blade (bayonet)
change note: Change Note 2015-08-27: broader term changed
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: martial arts

K1 (kayaking)
type: Concept
definition: An enclosed boat with the competitor sitting on a fixed seat for one person using a double bladed paddle
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: kayaking

K2 (kayaking)
type: Concept
definition: An enclosed boat with the competitor sitting on a fixed seat for two people using double bladed paddles
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: kayaking

K4 (kayaking)
type: Concept
definition: An enclosed boat with the competitor sitting on a fixed seat for four people using double bladed paddles
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: kayaking

karate
type: Concept
definition: A martial art where chops, punches, kicks and throws are used to defeat an opponent.
change note: Change Note 2015-08-27: broader term changed
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: martial arts

kendo
type: Concept
definition: Japanese traditional martial art using a bamboo sword, sometimes called Japanese fencing
change note: Change Note 2015-08-27: broader term changed
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-03-15T12:00:00+00:00
broader: martial arts

kyudo
type: Concept
definition: Japanese traditional martial art using a bamboo bow and arrows, sometimes called Japanese archery
change note: Change Note 2015-08-27: broader term changed
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: martial arts

endurance race
type: Concept
definition: Races for one or more drivers over a long and set distance or time
note: Retired. Use Media Topic motor car racing + sports facet motorcarracingtype
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: motor car racing

F3000
type: Concept
definition: Using less powerful motors than the Formula One, designated construction teams race over varied circuits the world over in speed races for individual and team honours over a season.
note: Retired. Use Media Topic motor car racing + sports facet motorcarracingtype
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: motor car racing

Formula One
type: Concept
definition: Single cockpit car racing where 20 or so competitors race head to head over varied circuits around the world to win Grand Prix points in an individual and constructors championship
note: Retired. Use Media Topic motor car racing + sports facet motorcarracingtype
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: motor car racing

Indy Racing
type: Concept
definition: North American top range professional league speed racing over circuits.
note: Retired. Use Media Topic motor car racing + sports facet motorcarracingtype
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: motor car racing

motor car rallycross
type: Concept
definition: Stage races over dirt tracks
note: Retired. Use Media Topic motor car racing + sports facet motorcarracingtype
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: motor car racing

motor car rallying
type: Concept
definition: A season of endurance races over closed circuits including dirt tracks, roads and even snowy conditions featuring specials using adapted road cars with a driver and co-pilot.
note: Retired. Use Media Topic motor car racing + sports facet motorcarracingtype
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: motor car racing

motorcycle endurance
type: Concept
definition: A road race of consistency and endurance
note: Retired. Use Media Topicmotorcycling+ sports facet motorcyclingtype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: motorcycling

enduro
type: Concept
definition: A race of speed, endurance and regularity over varied surfaces such as through forests and on dirt tracks
note: Retired. Use Media Topic motorcycling+ sports facet motorcyclingtype
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: motorcycling

grass-track
type: Concept
definition: A race competed on turf
note: Retired. Use Media Topicmotorcycling+ sports facet motorcyclingtype
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: motorcycling

moto-ball
type: Concept
definition: Team sport where drivers play a ball
note: Retired. Use Media Topic motorcycling+ sports facet racetype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: motorcycling

moto-cross
type: Concept
definition: Raced over dirt tracks featuring severe mounds
note: Retired. Use Media Topic motorcycling+ sports facet racetype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: motorcycling

motoGP
type: Concept
definition: Capacity class 1000ccm
note: Retired. Use Media Topic motorcycling+ sports facet racetype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: motorcycling

motorcycle rallying
type: Concept
definition: Races run over regular roads
note: Retired. Use Media Topicmotorcycling+ sports facet motorcyclingtype
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: motorcycling

side-cars
type: Concept
definition: Of different engine sizes but attached to a side car featuring a passenger
note: Retired. Use Media Topic motorcycling+ sports facet racetype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: motorcycling

speedway
type: Concept
definition: Race involving up to six riders competing over a flat oval track. Speedway motorcycles use only one gear and have no brakes
note: Retired. Use Media Topicmotorcycling+ sports facet motorcyclingtype
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: motorcycling

motorcycling trial
type: Concept
definition: A race of consistency and endurance over varied terrain
note: Retired. Use Media Topic motorcycling+ sports facet racetype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: motorcycling

naginata
type: Concept
definition: Japanese traditional martial art using a pole sword made of wood. 'Naginata' means a spear with a curved blade
change note: Change Note 2015-08-27: broader term changed
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: martial arts

ski orienteering
type: Concept
definition: An individual ski time-trial over a route marked out by beacons, that the competitor has to search out and find in a specific order. The contestant makes his way with the help of a compass and map
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: orienteering

bareback bronc
type: Concept
definition: Rodeo discipline
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: rodeo

barrel racing
type: Concept
definition: Rodeo discipline
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: rodeo

bull riding
type: Concept
definition: Rodeo discipline
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: rodeo

bulldogging
type: Concept
definition: Rodeo discipline
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: rodeo

calf roping
type: Concept
definition: Rodeo discipline
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: rodeo

goat roping
type: Concept
definition: Rodeo discipline
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: rodeo

saddle bronc
type: Concept
definition: Rodeo discipline
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: rodeo

roller hockey
type: Concept
definition: Team sport similar to ice hockey, executed on 4 wheel roller skates with sticks and a ball
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: roller sports

coxed four
type: Concept
definition: Four person boats with just one oar each and with a team mate to give directions
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: rowing
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15047000

coxed pair
type: Concept
definition: Two person boats with just one oar each and with a team mate to give directions
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: rowing
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15047000

coxless four
type: Concept
definition: Four person boats with just one oar each and without a team mate to give directions
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: rowing

coxless pair
type: Concept
definition: Two person boats with just one oar each and without a team mate to give directions
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: rowing

double sculls
type: Concept
definition: Two person boats with two oars each
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: rowing

coxed eight
type: Concept
definition: Eight person boats with just one oar each and with a team mate to give directions
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: rowing
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15047006

quadruple sculls
type: Concept
definition: Four person boats with two oars each and without a team mate to give directions
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: rowing

single sculls
type: Concept
definition: Single person boats with two oars
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: rowing

rugby league
type: Concept
definition: A type of rugby where two teams of 13 compete on a pitch by running with and passing an oval ball. Points are scored by touching down the ball behind the goal line or kicking it between goal posts. Governed by Rugby League International Federation.
change note: 2016-04-05: Broader concept changed, definition slightly modified.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: rugby

rugby union
type: Concept
definition: A type of rugby where two teams of 15 compete on a pitch by running with and passing an oval ball. Points are scored by touching down the ball behind the goal line or kicking it between goal posts. Governed by the World Rugby organization.
change note: 2016-04-05: Broader concept changed, definition slightly modified.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: rugby

rugby sevens
type: Concept
definition: A type of rugby union where two teams of 7 compete on a pitch by running with and passing an oval ball. Points are scored by touching down the ball behind the goal line or kicking it between goal posts. Governed by the World Rugby organization.
change note: 2016-04-05: Broader concept changed, definition slightly modified.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: rugby

multihull
type: Concept
definition: Sailing boats with multiple hulls
note: Retired. Use Media Topic sailing + sports facet sailingtype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sailing

dinghy
type: Concept
definition: Single hulled vessel without a fixed keel
note: Retired. Use Media Topic sailing + sports facet sailingtype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sailing
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15050013

keelboat
type: Concept
definition: Single hulled vessel with a fixed keel
note: Retired. Use Media Topic sailing + sports facet sailingtype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sailing
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15050013

sailing regatta
type: Concept
definition: Sailing event
note: Retired. Use Media Topic sailing + sports facet sailingtype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sailing
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15050000

ocean sailing
type: Concept
definition: Sailing vessels across oceans as part of a competitive race.
note: Retired. Use Media Topic sailing + sports facet sailingtype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sailing
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15050000

round the world race
type: Concept
definition: Sailing vessels around the world as a race
note: Retired. Use Media Topic sailing + sports facet sailingtype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sailing

solo ocean sailing
type: Concept
definition: Sailing oceans as an individual, as part of a race.
note: Retired. Use Media Topic sailing + sports facet sailingtype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sailing
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15050000

non-stop solo race
type: Concept
definition: Races either clockwise or anti clockwise around the globe without stopping at any ports between start and finish of race.
note: Retired. Use Media Topic sailing + sports facet sailingtype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sailing
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15050012

pistol shooting
type: Concept
definition: Shooting event using a pistol
note: Retired. Use Media Topic sport shooting + sports facet shootingtype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport shooting
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15051001

rifle shooting
type: Concept
definition: Shooting event using a rifle
note: Retired. Use Media Topic sport shooting + sports facet shootingtype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport shooting
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15051002

running target shooting
type: Concept
definition: Shooting event with an airgun and a target that moves sideways
note: Retired. Use Media Topic sport shooting + sports facet shootingtype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport shooting
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15051003

shotgun shooting
type: Concept
definition: Shooting event using a shotgun
note: Retired. Use Media Topic sport shooting + sports facet shootingtype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport shooting
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15051004

clay pigeon shooting
type: Concept
definition: Shooting event which involves shooting at special flying targets, known as clay pigeons or clay targets
note: Retired. Use Media Topic sport shooting + sports facet shootingtype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-05-05T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport shooting
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15051005

alpine skiing
type: Concept
definition: Racing downhill on snow-covered slopes using alpine techniques and equipment. The slopes contain intermediate gates which are spaced according to the discipline involved.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: skiing
has facet: alpineskiingtype

freestyle skiing
type: Concept
definition: Skiing competitions which, in contrast to alpine skiing, incorporate acrobatic moves and jumps. Events include aerials, halfpipe, slopestyle, ski cross, moguls and big air.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-02-03T12:00:00+00:00
broader: skiing
has facet: freestyleskiingtype

grass skiing
type: Concept
definition: Alpine skiing on roller skis and grass
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: skiing

Nordic skiing
type: Concept
definition: Practiced in relatively-flat, snowy countryside and based on power and endurance.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2019-08-01T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: skiing
has facet: nordicskiingtype

ski jumping
type: Concept
definition: Competitors descend a snow covered elevated ramp on skis and try to fly off it as far as possible, receiving marks for distance, style of flight and landing
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: skiing

cross-country skiing
type: Concept
definition: Nordic ski race competed in relatively-flat, snowy countryside on narrow skis.
note: Was retired but reinstated in August 2019
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2014-01-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: skiing

Nordic combined
type: Concept
definition: Competition combining cross-country skiing and ski jumping
note: Was retired but reinstated in August 2019
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2014-01-20T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: skiing

Telemark skiing
type: Concept
definition: Races combining downhill and cross-country skiing events with unique Telemark techniques and equipment.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2014-11-07T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: skiing

ski mountaineering
type: Concept
definition: A winter sport that combines skiing and mountaineering that involves climbing mountains on skis or by foot and then skiing down
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: skiing

futsal
type: Concept
definition: A football-based game played indoors on a hard court with five players per team
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2025-10-09T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2025-10-09T12:00:00+00:00
broader: football

beach soccer
type: Concept
definition: A football-based game played on sand with five players per team
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2025-10-09T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2026-07-09T12:00:00+00:00
broader: football

backstroke
type: Concept
definition: Swimming style, on the back, legs move in flapping motion whilst arms propel the swimmer forward
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: swimming
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15062000

breaststroke
type: Concept
definition: Swimming style , on the front, effecting forward and outward push movements with the arms and backward and outward pushes with the legs
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: swimming
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15062000

butterfly swimming
type: Concept
definition: Swimming style , swum on the front with the shoulders remaining parallel to the water both arms moving in simultaneous windmill fashion, the legs remain together and are moved in a flapping motion. The most physical of all styles.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: swimming
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15062000

freestyle swimming
type: Concept
definition: Any swimming style may be employed, though front crawl is universally employed
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: swimming

medley swimming
type: Concept
definition: A combination of four different swimming styles in one race
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: swimming
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15062000

marathon swimming
type: Concept
definition: A long distance open water swimming
note: Retired in 2017 in favour of sports facet, but then un-retired in 2021 so all top-level Olympics sports have a valid Media Topics term.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: swimming
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15062000

relay freestyle swimming
type: Concept
definition: Team of swimmers swim a relay in the swimming style of their choice
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: swimming
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15062000

relay medley swimming
type: Concept
definition: Team relay race involving a combination of four different swimming styles
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: swimming
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15062000

short course swimming
type: Concept
definition: Races competed in a 25m length pool
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2015-02-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: swimming
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15062000

synchronised free routine
type: Concept
definition: In the free programme, music, movements and their order of execution are not restricted.
change note: 2016-04-05: Broader concept changed.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: artistic swimming

synchronised technical routine
type: Concept
definition: Contestants obtain points from 10 sitting judges by executing certain synchronised artistic shapes and movements in the water. In the technical programme, competitors must execute a range of specific moves in a given order.
change note: 2016-04-05: Broader concept changed
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: artistic swimming

Taekwon-Do
type: Concept
definition: A martial art of Korean origin
change note: Change Note 2015-08-27: broader term changed
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: martial arts

beach volleyball
type: Concept
definition: Two teams of two players compete on a sand court. Unlike indoor volleyball, points are scored only when the serving team wins a rally or forces an error. The sand surface makes it more physically demanding than volleyball
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: volleyball

clean and jerk (weightlifting)
type: Concept
definition: The bar is first lifted to the shoulders and then jerk it above the head and keep it there while maintaining straight legs
note: Retired. Use Media Topic weightlifting+ sports facet weightliftingtype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: weightlifting and powerlifting

powerlifting
type: Concept
definition: A strength test where competitors lift as heavy a weight as possible
note: Retired. Use Media Topic weightlifting+ sports facet weightliftingtype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: weightlifting and powerlifting

snatch (weightlifting)
type: Concept
definition: The bar must be lifted from floor to above the head in one movement
note: Retired. Use Media Topicweightlifting+ sports facet weightliftingtype.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2017-07-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: weightlifting and powerlifting

freestyle wrestling
type: Concept
definition: A style where leg holds are allowed
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: wrestling

greco-roman
type: Concept
definition: A style where the only holds allowed are those between the head and the belt
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: wrestling

Swiss wrestling
type: Concept
definition: Traditional Swiss sport similar to wrestling with specific rules
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: wrestling

wushu
type: Concept
definition: Chinese traditional martial art
change note: Change Note 2015-08-27: broader term changed
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
broader: martial arts

drug abuse in sport
type: Concept
definition: Using drugs to improve competitiveness in sports
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20001104: drug use in sport instead
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2022-09-23T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-09-23T12:00:00+00:00
broader: drug use in sport
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15000000

drug testing in sport
type: Concept
definition: Means and ways to check the use of drugs in sports
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20001104: drug use in sport instead
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2022-09-23T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-09-23T12:00:00+00:00
broader: drug use in sport
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15000000

medical drug use in sport
type: Concept
definition: Use of drugs for medical reasons as permitted by sport regulators
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20001104: drug use in sport instead
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2022-09-23T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-09-23T12:00:00+00:00
broader: drug use in sport
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15000000

continental championship
type: Concept
definition: A competition where individuals or teams from countries from one continent may participate. Called a *Championship*
note: Retired December 2021.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport event
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15073028

continental cup
type: Concept
definition: A competition where individuals or teams from countries from one continent may participate. Called a *Cup*
note: Retired December 2021.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport event

continental games
type: Concept
definition: A competition where individuals or teams from countries from one continent may participate. Called *Games*
note: Retired December 2021.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport event
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15073000

international championship
type: Concept
definition: A competition where individuals or teams from different countries may participate. Called a *Championship*
note: Retired December 2021.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport event
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15073000

international cup
type: Concept
definition: A competition where individuals or teams from different countries may participate. Called a *Cup*
note: Retired December 2021.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport event

international games
type: Concept
definition: A competition where individuals or teams from different countries may participate. Called *Games*
note: Retired December 2021.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport event
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15073000

national championship
type: Concept
definition: A competition where individuals or teams from one country may participate. Called a *Championship*
note: Retired December 2021.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport event
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15073000

national cup
type: Concept
definition: A competition where individuals or teams from one country may participate. Called a *Cup*
note: Retired December 2021.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport event

national games
type: Concept
definition: A competition where individuals or teams from one country may participate. Called *Games*
note: Retired December 2021.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport event
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15073000

regional championship
type: Concept
definition: A competition where individuals or teams from a region of a country may participate. Called a *Championship*
note: Retired December 2021.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport event

regional cup
type: Concept
definition: A competition where individuals or teams from a region of a country may participate. Called a *Cup*
note: Retired December 2021.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport event

regional games
type: Concept
definition: A competition where individuals or teams from a region of a country may participate. Called *Games*
note: Retired December 2021.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport event
broad match: http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15073000

world championship
type: Concept
definition: A competition where individuals or teams from the five continents may participate. Called *World Championship*
note: Retired December 2021.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport event

world cup
type: Concept
definition: A competition where individuals or teams from the five continents may participate. Called *World Cup*
note: Retired December 2021.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport event

world games
type: Concept
definition: A competition where individuals or teams from the five continents may participate. Called *World Games*
note: Retired December 2021.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2009-10-22T02:00:00+00:00
retired: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport event

Olympic Games
type: Concept
definition: Games organised by the International Olympic Committee and held each 4 years in summer or winter.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2016-08-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport event

Paralympic Games
type: Concept
definition: Games for disabled athletes organised by the International Paralympic Committee and held each 4 years in winter or summer
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2016-08-24T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport event

regular competition
type: Concept
definition: A competitive sporting season where teams or individuals contend for a place in the standings or rankings
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport event

playoff championship
type: Concept
definition: A competitive tournament, often played after the regular season of a sports league by the top competitors to determine the league champion or a similar accolade. Can also apply to an all-in elimination tournament meant to produce a final champion.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport event

final game
type: Concept
definition: Single game that determines the winner of a championship, such as the Super Bowl or Champions League Final
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport event

trade show or expo
type: Concept
definition: Market place to display and trade goods or services
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2012-10-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business service

buy recommendation
type: Concept
definition: An analyst's recommendation to buy particular stocks. May include the analyst s price target for the stock.
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000396 stocks and/or genre:Analysis instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2012-10-04T12:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: stock recommendation

hold recommendation
type: Concept
definition: An analyst's recommendation to hold particular stocks. May include the analyst s price target for the stock.
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000396 stocks and/or genre:Analysis instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2012-10-04T12:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: stock recommendation

sell recommendation
type: Concept
definition: An analyst's recommendation to sell particular stocks. May include the analyst s price target for the stock.
change note: Retired. Use medtop:20000396 stocks and/or genre:Analysis instead.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2012-10-04T12:00:00+00:00
retired: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: stock recommendation

skateboarding
type: Concept
definition: Competitions involving stunts and acrobatic feats performed on a skateboard using various ramps and other obstacles
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2014-11-07T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: roller sports

mixed martial arts
type: Concept
definition: A full-contact combat sport using techniques from various combat sports and martial arts
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: martial arts

krav maga
type: Concept
definition: Fighting and self-defence sport that combines elements from aikido, boxing, judo, karate and wrestling
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: martial arts

kickboxing
type: Concept
definition: Stand-up combat sport based on kicking and punching an opponent
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: martial arts

sambo (martial art)
type: Concept
definition: Style of martial art originating in the Soviet Union that is recognised as a form of amateur wrestling
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: martial arts

asset management
type: Concept
definition: Managing investments on behalf of others
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2016-04-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: financial service

payment service
type: Concept
definition: Services for executing payments including cash, cheque, credit card, debit card, direct debit, electronic funds transfer, internet banking, electronic and mobile payment.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2016-04-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business service

medical equipment
type: Concept
definition: Manufacture of medical and surgical devices for diagnosis and treatment such as optical and imaging equipment
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2016-04-04T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: healthcare industry

influencers
type: Concept
definition: Persons who distribute content on internet forums and social media and are followed by many people thereby influencing them to buy and use products
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-04-06T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: social media

exercise and fitness
type: Concept
definition: Physical activity with the purpose to maintain and improve health and wellness, gain stamina or for enjoyment
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-06-26T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
broader: wellness

heating and cooling
type: Concept
definition: The business of supplying heat or cooling to private residences and commercial buildings
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2020-08-05T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2023-03-31T12:00:00+00:00
broader: utilities

tattooing
type: Concept
definition: A form of body modification where a design is made by inserting ink, dyes and pigments into the dermis layer of the skin to permanently change the pigment
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-07-30T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: body modification

piercing
type: Concept
definition: A form of body modification involving the puncturing or cutting of a part of the human body, creating an opening in which jewellery may be worn or where an implant could be inserted
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2019-07-30T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-07-12T12:00:00+00:00
broader: body modification

sports record
type: Concept
definition: The best performance to date by an athlete or team in a sport discipline
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-09-23T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport achievement

sports medal and trophy
type: Concept
definition: Award given to an athlete or team for placing in a sports competition, such as a gold medal at the Olympics or the Stanley Cup in ice hockey
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-09-23T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport achievement
broad match: Q15229207

sports honour
type: Concept
definition: Honour given to a player for achievements over a career, season or single event, unrelated to event outcome, usually awarded by a panel of judges or a popular vote. Examples include player of the game, most valuable player award or hall of fame induction.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2022-09-23T12:00:00+00:00
broader: sport achievement

mental wellbeing
type: Concept
definition: The personal pursuit of mental health through activities such as meditation, stress reduction, technology detoxes and journalling
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2021-12-17T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2021-12-21T12:00:00+00:00
broader: wellness

physical security
type: Concept
definition: Private security measures, such as guards, access barriers, and surveillance cameras, and the companies that provide them
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2026-07-02T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2026-07-02T12:00:00+00:00
broader: business service

missing in action
type: Concept
definition: A member of the armed forces who cannot be located and has not been confirmed as either alive or dead
change note: Duplicate of medtop:20000061, added in error. Please do not use.
in scheme: Media Topic
created: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
retired: 2024-07-01T12:00:00+00:00
modified: 2024-03-28T12:00:00+00:00
broader: war victims